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The recently developed proof of Fermat's Last Theorem is very lengthy and difficult, so much so as to be beyond all but a small body of specialists. While certainly of value in the developments that resulted, that proof could not be, nor…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Roger Ellman

In this article we present a simple and unified probabilistic approach to prove nonexistence of positive super-solutions for systems of equations involving potential terms and the fractional Laplacian in an exterior domain. Such problems…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Anup Biswas

Consider the following stochastic partial differential equation, \begin{equation*} \partial_t u_t(x)= \mathcal{L}u_t(x)+ \sigma (u_t(x))\dot F(t,x)\quad{t>0}\quad\text{and}\quad x\in R^d. \end{equation*} The operator $\mathcal{L}$ is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-11-23 Mohammud Foondun , Wei Liu , Erkan Nane

We construct a finitely generated group that does not satisfy the generalized Burghelea conjecture.

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2019-05-03 A. Dranishnikov , M. Hull

This paper presents a novel direct elementary proof for Fermat's Last Theorem. We use algebra, modular math, and binomial series to develop inherent mathematical relationships hidden within Fermat's Last Theorem. With these derived…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-07-31 Hua Jiang

In this paper we prove the nonexistence of nontrivial solution to \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} -\Delta u =f(u) &\text{in }\Omega, \\ u=0 &\text{on } \partial \Omega, \end{cases} \end{equation*} being $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$ ($N\in…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-04-17 Salvador López-Martínez , Alexis Molino

We consider the generalized Fermat equation (*) $x^2 + y^3 = z^{25}$. Using the known parameterization of the primitive integral solutions to $x^2 + y^3 = z^5$ (due to Edwards), we reduce the solution of (*) to the solution of five specific…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Nuno Freitas , Michael Stoll

We give a cyclotomic proof of the fact that the equation $\frac{x^p + y^p}{x+y} = p^e z^p$ has no solutions in coprime integers $x,y,z$ and $p > 3$, a prime. This implies in particular Fermat's Last Theorem.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Boris Bartolomé , Preda Mihailescu

This article deals with a conjecture, introduced in [GQ] (hereinafter $SFLT2$), which generalizes the second case of Fermat's Last Theorem: {\it Let $p>3$ be a prime. The diophantine equation $\frac{u^p+v^p}{u+v}=w_1^p$ with $u,v,u+v,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-30 Roland Quême

This article deals with a conjecture generalizing the second case of Fermat's Last Theorem, called $SFLT2$ conjecture: {\it Let $p>3$ be a prime, $K:=\Q(\zeta)$ the $p$th cyclotomic field and $\Z_K$ its ring of integers. The diophantine…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-22 Roland Queme

In this paper, we generalized the classical Fermat point, proved the sufficient and necessary condition for uniqueness and existence for the generalized Fermat point(GFP) theorem, and discuss some interesting geometric property of the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Yao Xiao , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Han , Zeng Yong

The primary aim of this paper is to study the generalized Fermat equation \[ x^2+y^{2n} = z^{3p} \] in coprime integers $x$, $y$, and $z$, where $n \geq 2$ and $p$ is a fixed prime. Using modularity results over totally real fields and the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-14 Philippe Michaud-Jacobs

In this paper, we generalized the known Laplace-transform final-value theorem. From our conclusion, one can deduce the existing results in [1, 3, 12]. By using final value theorem, we give a new proof that Caputo fractional differential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-02-24 Yayun Wu

We propose generalized Fermat's conjecture in the framework of arithmetic dynamics, and give evidences. The multi-indexed version is added.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Atsushi Moriwaki

We discuss equivalence conditions on the non-existence of non-trivial meromorphic solution to the Fermat Diophantine equations $f^m(z)+g^n(z)=1$ with integers $m,n\geq2$, from which other approaches to prove little Picard theorem are…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Jingbo Liu , Qi Han , Wei Chen

It is well known that the triviality problem for finitely presented groups is unsolvable; we ask the question of whether there exists a general procedure to produce a non-trivial element from a finite presentation of a non-trivial group. If…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-21 Maurice Chiodo

This article seeks to encourage a mathematical dialog regarding a possible solution to Beals Conjecture. It breaks down one of the worlds most difficult math problems into laymans terms and encourages people to question some of the most…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-01-12 Angela Moore

Previous analysis of the Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation proved the best solution is null; although, the method of solution generated complex nested integrals, therefore, difficult to analyze \cite{NWSgen,NWS2020}. Recent insights into the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Luisiana X. Cundin

We prove the "strong form" of the Clemens conjecture in degree 10. Namely, on a general quintic threefold F in P^4, there are only finitely many smooth rational curves of degree 10, and each curve is embedded in F with normal bundle…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ethan Cotterill

We formalize a complete proof of the regular case of Fermat's Last Theorem in the Lean4 theorem prover. Our formalization includes a proof of Kummer's lemma, that is the main obstruction to Fermat's Last Theorem for regular primes. Rather…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Alex Best , Christopher Birkbeck , Riccardo Brasca , Eric Rodriguez Boidi , Ruben van De Velde , Andrew Yang