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Although 5G (Fifth Generation) mobile technology is still in the rollout phase, research and development of 6G (Sixth Generation) wireless have already begun. This paper is an introduction to 6G wireless networks, covering the main drivers…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Kimberley Parsons Trommler , Matthias Hafner , Wolfgang Kellerer , Peter Merz , Sigurd Schuster , Josef Urban , Uwe Baeder , Bertram Gunzelmann , Andreas Kornbichler

The initial 6G networks will likely operate in the upper mid-band (7-24 GHz), which has decent propagation conditions but underwhelming new spectrum availability. In this paper, we explore whether we can anyway reach the ambitious 6G…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Emil Björnson , Ferdi Kara , Nikolaos Kolomvakis , Alva Kosasih , Parisa Ramezani , Murat Babek Salman

To fulfill the requirements of various emerging applications, the future sixth generation (6G) mobile network is expected to be an innately intelligent, highly dynamic, ultradense heterogeneous network that interconnects all things with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Shangwei Zhang , Jiajia Liu , Hongzhi Guo , Mingping Qi , Nei Kato

Narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular technology that will provide improved coverage for massive number of low-throughput low-cost devices with low device power consumption in delay-tolerant applications. A new…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-19 Xingqin Lin , Ansuman Adhikary , Y. -P. Eric Wang

The fifth generation (5G) mobile network will enable the Internet of Things (IoT) to take a large leap into the age of future computing. As a result of extended connectivity, high speed, reduced latency services being provided by 5G, IoT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Sejuti Banik , Irvin Steve Cardenas , Jong Hoon Kim

Medium access in 5G systems was tailored to accommodate diverse traffic classes through network resource slicing. 6G wireless systems are expected to be significantly reliant on Artificial Intelligence (AI), leading to data-driven and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Shashi Raj Pandey , Fabio Saggese , Junya Shiraishi , Federico Chiariotti , Petar Popovski

Resource allocation and multiple access schemes are instrumental for the success of communication networks, which facilitate seamless wireless connectivity among a growing population of uncoordinated and non-synchronized users. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-22 Sajad Daei , Saeed Razavikia , Marios Kountouris , Mikael Skoglund , Gabor Fodor , Carlo Fischione

The Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) has emerged as a critical direction for achieving effective connectivity as the IoT system evolves to 6G. However, the introduction of A-IoT technologies, particularly involving backscatter modulation,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Kan Zheng , Rongtao Xu , Jie Mei , Haojun Yang , Lei Lei , Xianbin Wang

We consider unsourced random access with MIMO receiver - a crucial communication scenario for future 5G/6G wireless networks. We perform a projection-based decoder analysis and derive energy efficiency achievability bounds when channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Kirill Andreev , Daria Ustinova , Alexey Frolov

The fifth generation (5G) mobile networks are envisaged to enable a plethora of breakthrough advancements in wireless technologies, providing support of a diverse set of services over a single platform. While the deployment of 5G systems is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-10 Lina Bariah , Lina Mohjazi , Sami Muhaidat , Paschalis C. Sofotasios , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Octavia A. Dobre

The standard development of 5G wireless communication culminated between 2017 and 2019, followed by the worldwide deployment of 5G networks, which is expected to result in very high data rate for enhanced mobile broadband, support…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Yifei Yuan , Yajun Zhao , Baiqing Zong , Sergio Parolari

In telecommunications, network service accessibility as a requirement is closely related to equitably serving the population residing at locations that can most appropriately be described as remote. Remote connectivity, however, would have…

The sixth-generation wireless communications (6G) is often labeled as "connected intelligence". Radio sensing, aligned with machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), promises, among other benefits, breakthroughs in the…

The transition to sixth-generation (6G) networks calls for wireless transceivers with enhanced adaptability and efficiency. Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) have emerged as a promising solution, enabling dynamic control over the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Pinjun Zheng , Ruiqi Wang , Yuchen Zhang , Md. Jahangir Hossain , Anas Chaaban , Atif Shamim , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing applications aim to support a variety of societal needs, including the global pandemic situation that the entire world is currently experiencing and responses to natural disasters. The need…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Elisa Bertino , Sujata Banerjee

While 5G is being tested worldwide and anticipated to be rolled out gradually in 2019, researchers around the world are beginning to turn their attention to what 6G might be in 10+ years time, and there are already initiatives in various…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Faisal Tariq , Muhammad Khandaker , Kai-Kit Wong , Muhammad Imran , Mehdi Bennis , Merouane Debbah

The upcoming sixth generation (6G) communications systems are expected to support an unprecedented variety of applications, pervading every aspect of human life. It is clearly not possible to fulfill the service requirements without…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Ahmet Yazar , Seda Doğan-Tusha , Hüseyin Arslan

The Internet of Things (IoT) in the sixth generation (6G) era is envisioned to evolve towards intelligence, ubiquity, and self-optimization. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities across…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Xiaopei Chen , Wen Wu , Liang Li , Fei Ji

For next-generation wireless networks, both the upper mid-band and terahertz spectra are gaining global attention. This article provides an in-depth analysis of recent regulatory rulings and spectrum preferences issued by international…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Theodore S. Rappaport , Todd E. Humphreys , Shuai Nie

Among the key differentiators of 6G compared to 5G will be the increased emphasis on radio based positioning and sensing. These will be utilized not only for conventional location-aware services and for enhancing communication performance,…