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The Mantel-Haenszel (MH) risk difference estimator, commonly used in randomized clinical trials for binary outcomes, calculates a weighted average of stratum-specific risk difference estimators. Traditionally, this method requires the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-12 Xiaoyu Qiu , Yuhan Qian , Jaehwan Yi , Jinqiu Wang , Yu Du , Yanyao Yi , Ting Ye

This paper develops a difference-in-differences (DiD) estimation method that selects the optimal length of pre-trends by minimizing the mean squared error (MSE). Conventional DiD regression models, such as the two-way fixed effects model or…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-07 Yamato Igarashi

We investigate the finite sample performance of sample splitting, cross-fitting and averaging for the estimation of the conditional average treatment effect. Recently proposed methods, so-called meta-learners, make use of machine learning…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-27 Daniel Jacob

Standard random-effects meta-analysis relies heavily on the assumption that the underlying true effects are normally distributed. In the social sciences, where evidence synthesis increasingly involves large, highly heterogeneous datasets,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-01 Daihe Sui , Elizabeth Tipton

We consider the problem of mean estimation assuming only finite variance. We study a new class of mean estimators constructed by integrating over random noise applied to a soft-truncated empirical mean estimator. For appropriate choices of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Matthew J. Holland

Multivariate meta-analysis can be adapted to a wide range of situations for multiple outcomes and multiple treatment groups when combining studies together. The within-study correlation between effect sizes is often assumed known in…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-03-12 Xiaohuan Xue

Meta-analysis is an important statistical technique for synthesizing the results of multiple studies regarding the same or closely related research question. So-called meta-regression extends meta-analysis models by accounting for…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-22 Thilo Welz , Eric S. Knop , Tim Friede , Markus Pauly

We study the problem of estimating the common mean $\mu$ of $n$ independent symmetric random variables with different and unknown standard deviations $\sigma_1 \le \sigma_2 \le \cdots \le\sigma_n$. We show that, under some mild regularity…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-23 Luc Devroye , Silvio Lattanzi , Gabor Lugosi , Nikita Zhivotovskiy

This paper investigates testing for deviation of a high-dimensional mean vector $\boldsymbol{\mu}$. In contrast to the standard one-sample significance test of the form: $H_0^\texttt{e} : \boldsymbol{\mu} = \boldsymbol{\mu}_0$ versus…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Zengjing Chen , Ruihan Liu , Jianfeng Yao

Difference-in-differences (DID) approaches are widely used for estimating causal effects with observational data before and after an intervention. DID traditionally estimates the average treatment effect among the treated after making a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-24 Julia C. Thome , Andrew J. Spieker , Peter F. Rebeiro , Chun Li , Tong Li , Bryan E. Shepherd

Meta-analysis is widely used to integrate results from multiple experiments to obtain generalized insights. Since meta-analysis datasets are often heteroscedastic due to varying subgroups and temporal heterogeneity arising from experiments…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-19 Kohsuke Kubota , Shonosuke Sugasawa , Keiichi Ochiai , Takahiro Hoshino

Given the limitations of using the Cox hazard ratio to summarize the magnitude of the treatment effect, alternative measures that do not have these limitations are gaining attention. One of the recently proposed alternative methods uses the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-02 Zihan Qian , Lu Tian , Miki Horiguchi , Hajime Uno

Investigators often use multi-source data (e.g., multi-center trials, meta-analyses of randomized trials, pooled analyses of observational cohorts) to learn about the effects of interventions in subgroups of some well-defined target…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-06 Guanbo Wang , Alexander Levis , Jon Steingrimsson , Issa Dahabreh

I study identification, estimation and inference for spillover effects in experiments where units' outcomes may depend on the treatment assignments of other units within a group. I show that the commonly-used reduced-form linear-in-means…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-01-21 Gonzalo Vazquez-Bare

When the Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumption is violated and there is interference among units, there is not a uniquely defined Average Treatment Effect, and alternative estimands may be of interest. Among these are average unit-level…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-30 Molly Offer-Westort , Drew Dimmery

Good robust estimators can be tuned to combine a high breakdown point and a specified asymptotic efficiency at a central model. This happens in regression with MM- and tau-estimators among others. However, the finite-sample efficiency of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-21 Ricardo Maronna , Víctor Yohai

The maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) is a kernel-based distance between probability distributions useful in many applications (Gretton et al. 2012), bearing a simple estimator with pleasing computational and statistical properties. Being able…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-16 Danica J. Sutherland , Namrata Deka

In meta-analysis, the random-effects models are standard tools to address between-study heterogeneity in evidence synthesis analyses. For the random-effects distribution models, the normal distribution model has been adopted in most…

Applications · Statistics 2021-07-28 Hisashi Noma , Kengo Nagashima , Shogo Kato , Satoshi Teramukai , Toshi A. Furukawa

We define two minimum distance estimators for dependent data by minimizing some approximated Maximum Mean Discrepancy distances between the true empirical distribution of observations and their assumed (parametric) model distribution. When…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-19 Pierre Alquier , Jean-David Fermanian , Benjamin Poignard

Systematic reviews aim to summarize all the available evidence relevant to a particular research question. If appropriate, the data from identified studies are quantitatively combined in a meta-analysis. Often only few studies regarding a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-14 M. Henmi , S. Hattori , T. Friede