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White matter structures composed of myelinated axons in the living human brain are primarily studied by diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI). These long-range projections are typically characterized in a two-step process: dMRI is used to estimate…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-10-09 Matthew Cieslak , Tegan Brennan , Wendy Meiring , Lukas J. Volz , Clint Greene , Alexander Asturias , Subhash Suri , Scott T. Grafton

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is a technique for measuring magnetic susceptibility of tissues, aiding in the detection of pathologies like traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis by analyzing variations in substances such…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-05 Liad Doniza , Mitchel Lee , Tamar Blumenfeld Katzir , Moran Artzi , Dafna Ben Bashat , Dvir Radunsky , Karin Shmueli , Noam Ben-Eliezer

Radio emission from star planet interactions (SPI) beyond our solar system has yet to be firmly detected, primarily due to challenges such as weak signals, directional beaming effects, and low frequency emissions that are blocked by the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-17 J. J. Chebly , C. K. Louis , A. Strugarek , J. D. Alvarado-Gómez , P. Zarka

We demonstrate an experimental method for direct 2D and 3D imaging of magnetic radio-frequency (rf) field distribution in metal-dielectric structures based on traveling wave (TW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at ultra-high field (> 7T).…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-19 A. Tonyushkin , D. K. Deelchand , P. -F. Van de Moortele , G. Adriany , A. Kiruluta

Advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptomic technologies have transformed tumor ecosystem profiling at cellular resolution. However, large scale studies on patient cohorts continue to rely on bulk transcriptomic data, where variation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zhiwei Zheng , Kevin Bryson

Text-guided image editing using Text-to-Image (T2I) models often fails to yield satisfactory results, frequently introducing unintended modifications, such as the loss of local detail and color changes. In this paper, we analyze these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yufan Ren , Zicong Jiang , Tong Zhang , Søren Forchhammer , Sabine Süsstrunk

Driven by the rapid development of wireless communication system, more and more vehicular services can be efficiently supported via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. In order to allocate radio resource with the reasonable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Haojun Yang , Long Zhao , Lei Lei , Kan Zheng

Carcinogenesis is a proteiform phenomenon, with tumors emerging in various locations and displaying complex, diverse shapes. At the crucial intersection of research and clinical practice, it demands precise and flexible assessment. However,…

Imaging biomarkers offer a non-invasive way to predict the response of immunotherapy prior to treatment. In this work, we propose a novel type of deep radiomic features (DRFs) computed from a convolutional neural network (CNN), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Ahmad Chaddad , Paul Daniel Mingli Zhang , Saima Rathore , Paul Sargos , Christian Desrosiers , Tamim Niazi

Clinical adoption of multi-shot diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (multi-shot DWI) for body-wide tumor diagnostics is limited by severe motion-induced phase artifacts from respiration, peristalsis, and so on, compounded by…

The complex and dynamic crosstalk between tumour and immune cells results in tumours that can exhibit distinct qualitative behaviours - elimination, equilibrium, and escape - and intricate spatial patterns, yet share similar cell…

Sensitive biomarker detection in physiological fluids is often limited by Debye screening, which suppresses electrostatic signals at sensor surfaces. Here we report a sensing approach based on flexoelectric resonance in silicon nanowire…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-01 Ang Liu , Jingsong Shang , Jiangang J. Du , Shyamsunder Erramilli , Pritiraj Mohanty

Current imaging-based prostate cancer diagnosis requires both MR T2-weighted (T2w) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences, with additional sequences for potentially greater accuracy improvement. However, measuring diffusion patterns…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Weixi Yi , Yipei Wang , Natasha Thorley , Alexander Ng , Shonit Punwani , Veeru Kasivisvanathan , Dean C. Barratt , Shaheer Ullah Saeed , Yipeng Hu

Over the past few decades, researchers have developed several approaches such as the Reference Phantom Method (RPM) to estimate ultrasound attenuation coefficient (AC) and backscatter coefficient (BSC). AC and BSC can help to discriminate…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-12-12 Kajoli Banerjee Krishnan , Nithin Nagaraj , Nitin Singhal , Shalini Thapar , Komal Yadav

Purpose: To improve on the original form of Fat DESPOT, a multiparametric mapping technique that returns the fat- and water-specific estimates of $R_1$ ($R_{1f}$, $R_{1w}$), $R_2^*$ , and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) by upgrading the…

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is high-resolution lensless microscopy that has been applied to image a wide range of specimens using synchrotron radiation, X-ray free electron lasers, high harmonic generation, soft X-ray laser and…

Optics · Physics 2014-01-23 Jose A Rodriguez , Rui Xu , Chien-Chun Chen , Yunfei Zou , Jianwei Miao

We investigate a method of selectively targeting cancer cells by means of ultrasound harmonic excitation at their resonance frequency, which we refer to as oncotripsy. The geometric model of the cells takes into account the cytoplasm,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-07-21 Stefanie Heyden , Michael Ortiz

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone of clinical neuroimaging, yet conventional MRIs provide qualitative information heavily dependent on scanner hardware and acquisition settings. While quantitative MRI (qMRI) offers intrinsic…

Deep image prior (DIP) has been successfully applied to positron emission tomography (PET) image restoration, enabling represent implicit prior using only convolutional neural network architecture without training dataset, whereas the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Yuya Onishi , Fumio Hashimoto , Kibo Ote , Keisuke Matsubara , Masanobu Ibaraki

In this study, we present a highly sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)-based biosensor integrated with a circular-lattice Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) for early-stage cancer detection. The proposed sensor leverages the synergy between…

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