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Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillators (STO) have shown the potential to be used in a wide range of microwave and sensing applications. To evaluate potential uses of MTJ STO technology in various applications, an analytical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-01-20 Tingsu Chen , Anders Eklund , Ezio Iacocca , Saul Rodriguez , Gunnar Malm , Johan Åkerman , Ana Rusu

Future applications of spin-orbit torque will require new mechanisms to improve the efficiency for switching nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), while also controlling the magnetic dynamics to achieve fast, nanosecond scale…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Shengjie Shi , Yongxi Ou , S. V. Aradhya , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Non-volatile flip-flops (NVFFs) using power gating techniques promise to overcome the soaring leakage power consumption issue with the scaling of CMOS technology. Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is a good candidate for constructing the NVFF…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Ziyi Wang , Zhaohao Wang , Yansong Xu , Bi Wu , Weisheng Zhao

The straintronic magnetic tunnel junction (s-MTJ) is an MTJ whose resistance state can be changed continuously or gradually from high to low with a gate voltage that generates strain the magnetostrictive soft layer. This unusual feature,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

The high current density required by Magnetic Tunneling Junction (MTJ) switching driven by Spin Transfer Torque (STT) effect leads to large power consumption and severe reliability issues therefore hinder the timetable for STT Magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-01 Lang Zeng , Tianqi Gao , Deming Zhang , Shouzhong Peng , Fanghui Gong , Xiaowan Qin , Mingzhi Long , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

As the semiconductor manufacturing process technology node shrinks into the nanometer-scale, the CMOS-based Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) face big challenges in scalability of performance and power consumption. Multi-walled Carbon…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Siyuan Lu , Kangwei Xu , Peng Xie , Rui Wang , Yuanqing Cheng

Low barrier nanomagnets have attracted a lot of research interest for their use as sources of high quality true random number generation. More recently, low barrier nanomagnets with tunable output have been shown to be a natural hardware…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-03-09 Punyashloka Debashis , Rafatul Faria , Kerem Y. Camsari , Supriyo Datta , Zhihong Chen

We use three-terminal magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) designed for field-free switching by spin-orbit torques (SOTs) to systematically study the impact of dual voltage pulses on the switching performances. We show that the concurrent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-03 Viola Krizakova , Eva Grimaldi , Kevin Garello , Giacomo Sala , Sebastien Couet , Gouri Sankar Kar , Pietro Gambardella

A novel scheme for non-volatile digital computation is proposed using spin-transfer torque (STT) and automotion of magnetic domain walls (DWs). The basic computing element is composed of a lateral spin valve (SV) with two ferromagnetic (FM)…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-09-21 Sou-Chi Chang , Sasikanth Manipatruni , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Ian A. Young , Azad Naeemi

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJs) are emerging as promising components for stochastic units in neuromorphic computing, owing to their tunable random switching behavior. Conventional MTJ control methods, such as spin-transfer torque…

Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) Magnetic Random-Access Memory (MRAM) devices offer improved power efficiency, nonvolatility, and performance compared to static RAM, making them ideal, for instance, for cache memory applications. Efficient…

We propose and numerically simulate novel reconfigurable logic gates employing spin metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (spin MOSFETs). The output characteristics of the spin MOSFETs depend on the relative magnetization…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Satoshi Sugahara , Tomohiro Matsuno , Masaaki Tanaka

In this technical note, we address the comments on the energy estimates for Magnetoelectric Spin-orbit (MESO) Logic, a new logic device proposed by the authors. We provide an analytical derivation of the switching energy, and support it…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-03-07 Sasikanth Manipatruni , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Huichu Liu , Ian A. Young

In this paper, we present voltage- and current-mode differential magnetless non-reciprocal devices obtained by pairing two single-ended (SE) circulators, each consisting of three first-order bandpass or bandstop LC filters, connected in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-10 Ahmed Kord , Dimitrios L. Sounas , Andrea Alù

We propose an innovative, learnable two-sided short-time Laplace transform (STLT) mechanism to supplant the traditional self attention in transformer-based LLMs. Our STLT introduces trainable parameters for each Laplace node, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Andrew Kiruluta

We report time-resolved measurements of magnetization switching by spin-orbit torques in the absence of an external magnetic field in perpendicularly magnetized magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). Field-free switching is enabled by the dipolar…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-12 Viola Krizakova , Kevin Garello , Eva Grimaldi , Gouri Sankar Kar , Pietro Gambardella

Circuit obfuscation is a frequently used approach to conceal logic functionalities in order to prevent reverse engineering attacks on fabricated chips. Efficient obfuscation implementations are expected with lower design complexity and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Jianlei Yang , Xueyan Wang , Qiang Zhou , Zhaohao Wang , Hai , Li , Yiran Chen , Weisheng Zhao

Spin filtering and its back-action spin transfer torque (STT) are key ingredients of latest spintronic devices based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Resonant tunneling (RT), implemented by design or occurring as parasitic effects, is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Maciej Bazarnik , Anika Schlenhoff

Extending Moore's law by augmenting complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors with emerging nanotechnologies (X) has become increasingly important. One important class of problems involve sampling-based Monte Carlo…

We present cmtj - a comprehensive simulation package that allows large-scale macrospin simulations for a variety of multilayer spintronics devices. Apart from conventional static simulations, such as magnetoresistance and magnetisation…