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We introduce a novel Interval Bound Propagation (IBP) approach for the formal verification of object detection models, specifically targeting the Intersection over Union (IoU) metric. The approach has been implemented in an open source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Noémie Cohen , Mélanie Ducoffe , Ryma Boumazouza , Christophe Gabreau , Claire Pagetti , Xavier Pucel , Audrey Galametz

Object detection is a comprehensively studied problem in autonomous driving. However, it has been relatively less explored in the case of fisheye cameras. The standard bounding box fails in fisheye cameras due to the strong radial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Hazem Rashed , Eslam Mohamed , Ganesh Sistu , Varun Ravi Kumar , Ciaran Eising , Ahmad El-Sallab , Senthil Yogamani

The CenterTrack tracking algorithm achieves state-of-the-art tracking performance using a simple detection model and single-frame spatial offsets to localize objects and predict their associations in a single network. However, this joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Nanyang Yang , Yi Wang , Lap-Pui Chau

In object detection, a well-defined similarity metric can significantly enhance model performance. Currently, the IoU-based similarity metric is the most commonly preferred choice for detectors. However, detectors using IoU as a similarity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Ziqian Guan , Xieyi Fu , Pengjun Huang , Hengyuan Zhang , Hubin Du , Yongtao Liu , Yinglin Wang , Qang Ma

Most object detection methods use bounding boxes to encode and represent the object shape and location. In this work, we explore a fuzzy representation of object regions using Gaussian distributions, which provides an implicit binary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Jeffri M. Llerena , Luis Felipe Zeni , Lucas N. Kristen , Claudio Jung

Numerous improvements for feedback mechanisms have contributed to the great progress in object detection. In this paper, we first present an evaluation-feedback module, which is proposed to consist of evaluation system and feedback…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Dong Chen , Duoqian Miao

Modern oriented object detectors typically predict a set of bounding boxes and select the top-ranked ones based on estimated localization quality. Achieving high detection performance requires that the estimated quality closely aligns with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yunhui Zhu , Buliao Huang

Oriented object detection has been developed rapidly in the past few years, where rotation equivariance is crucial for detectors to predict rotated boxes. It is expected that the prediction can maintain the corresponding rotation when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Hang Xu , Xinyuan Liu , Haonan Xu , Yike Ma , Zunjie Zhu , Chenggang Yan , Feng Dai

Bounding box regression (BBR) has been widely used in object detection and instance segmentation, which is an important step in object localization. However, most of the existing loss functions for bounding box regression cannot be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Siliang Ma , Yong Xu

In present object detection systems, the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are utilized to predict bounding boxes of object candidates, and have gained performance advantages over the traditional region proposal methods. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Jiahui Yu , Yuning Jiang , Zhangyang Wang , Zhimin Cao , Thomas Huang

Detecting tiny objects is a very challenging problem since a tiny object only contains a few pixels in size. We demonstrate that state-of-the-art detectors do not produce satisfactory results on tiny objects due to the lack of appearance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Jinwang Wang , Chang Xu , Wen Yang , Lei Yu

This paper presents an efficient way of detecting directed objects by predicting their center coordinates and direction angle. Since the objects are of uniform size, the proposed model works without predicting the object's width and height.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Đorđe Nedeljković

Existing detection methods commonly use a parameterized bounding box (BBox) to model and detect (horizontal) objects and an additional rotation angle parameter is used for rotated objects. We argue that such a mechanism has fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Xue Yang , Gefan Zhang , Xiaojiang Yang , Yue Zhou , Wentao Wang , Jin Tang , Tao He , Junchi Yan

In recent years, many semantic segmentation methods have been proposed to predict label of pixels in the scene. In general, we measure area prediction errors or boundary prediction errors for comparing methods. However, there is no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yeong-Jun Cho

In object detection, the intersection over union (IoU) threshold is frequently used to define positives/negatives. The threshold used to train a detector defines its \textit{quality}. While the commonly used threshold of 0.5 leads to noisy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Zhaowei Cai , Nuno Vasconcelos

Label assignment plays a significant role in modern object detection models. Detection models may yield totally different performances with different label assignment strategies. For anchor-based detection models, the IoU (Intersection over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Tianxiao Zhang , Bo Luo , Ajay Sharda , Guanghui Wang

Existing metrics used to evaluate table structure recognition algorithms have shortcomings with regard to capturing text and empty cells alignment. In this paper, we build on prior work and propose a new metric - TEDS based IOU similarity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Tarun Kumar , Himanshu Sharad Bhatt

The loss function for bounding box regression (BBR) is essential to object detection. Its good definition will bring significant performance improvement to the model. Most existing works assume that the examples in the training data are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zanjia Tong , Yuhang Chen , Zewei Xu , Rong Yu

Previous work shows that humans tend to prefer large bounding boxes over small bounding boxes with the same IoU. However, we show here that commonly used object detectors predict large and small boxes equally often. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Ombretta Strafforello , Osman S. Kayhan , Oana Inel , Klamer Schutte , Jan van Gemert

Most existing point cloud based 3D object detectors focus on the tasks of classification and box regression. However, another bottleneck in this area is achieving an accurate detection confidence for the Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Jiale Li , Shujie Luo , Ziqi Zhu , Hang Dai , Andrey S. Krylov , Yong Ding , Ling Shao