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Establishing almost sure convergence rates for stochastic approximation and reinforcement learning under Markovian noise is a fundamental theoretical challenge. We make progress towards this challenge for a class of stochastic approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xinyu Liu , Zixuan Xie , Shangtong Zhang

Gradient flow in the 2-Wasserstein space is widely used to optimize functionals over probability distributions and is typically implemented using an interacting particle system with $n$ particles. Analyzing these algorithms requires showing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Chandan Tankala , Dheeraj M. Nagaraj , Anant Raj

We consider the problem of inferring a latent function in a probabilistic model of data. When dependencies of the latent function are specified by a Gaussian process and the data likelihood is complex, efficient computation often involve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-23 Martin Tegner , Benjamin Bloem-Reddy , Stephen Roberts

In this work, we study ergodicity of continuous time Markov processes on state space $\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0} := [0,\infty)$ obtained as unique strong solutions to stochastic equations with jumps. Our first main result establishes exponential…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-11 Martin Friesen , Peng Jin , Jonas Kremer , Barbara Rüdiger

Infinitely wide or deep neural networks (NNs) with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) parameters have been shown to be equivalent to Gaussian processes. Because of the favorable properties of Gaussian processes, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Steven Adams , Andrea Patanè , Morteza Lahijanian , Luca Laurenti

Inspired by the truncated Euler-Maruyama method developed in Mao (J. Comput. Appl. Math. 2015), we propose the truncated Milstein method in this paper. The strong convergence rate is proved to be close to 1 for a class of highly non-linear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-07-07 Qian Guo , Wei Liu , Xuerong Mao , Rongxian Yue

Stochastic approximation algorithm is a useful technique which has been exploited successfully in probability theory and statistics for a long time. The step sizes used in stochastic approximation are generally taken to be deterministic and…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Ujan Gangopadhyay , Krishanu Maulik

We show that every separable Gaussian process with integrable variance function admits a Fredholm representation with respect to a Brownian motion. We extend the Fredholm representation to a transfer principle and develop stochastic…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-23 Tommi Sottinen , Lauri Viitasaari

This paper aims at developing a systematic study for the weak rate of convergence of the Euler-Maruyama scheme for stochastic differential equations with very irregular drift and constant diffusion coefficients. We apply our method to…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-27 Hoang-Long Ngo , Dai Taguchi

Understanding the behavior of stochastic gradient methods is a central problem in modern machine learning. Recent work has highlighted diagonal linear networks as a simplified yet expressive setting for analyzing the optimization and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Begoña García Malaxechebarría , Courtney Paquette , Maryam Fazel , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy

The theory of stochastic approximations form the theoretical foundation for studying convergence properties of many popular recursive learning algorithms in statistics, machine learning and statistical physics. Large deviations for…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-05 Henrik Hult , Adam Lindhe , Pierre Nyquist , Guo-Jhen Wu

We develop and analyze stochastic inexact Gauss-Newton methods for nonlinear least-squares problems and for nonlinear systems ofequations. Random models are formed using suitable sampling strategies for the matrices involved in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Stefania Bellavia , Greta Malaspina , Benedetta Morini

Design of experiments is a fundamental topic in applied statistics with a long history. Yet its application is often limited by the complexity and costliness of constructing experimental designs, which involve searching a high-dimensional…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-29 Matthew T. Pratola , C. Devon Lin , Peter F. Craigmile

We consider a stochastic control model driven by a fractional Brownian motion. This model is a formal approximation to a queueing network with an on-off input process. We study stochastic control problems associated with the long-run…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-08-12 Arka P. Ghosh , Alexander Roitershtein , Ananda Weerasinghe

The slow processes of metastable stochastic dynamical systems are difficult to access by direct numerical simulation due the sampling problem. Here, we suggest an approach for modeling the slow parts of Markov processes by approximating the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-03 Frank Noé , Feliks Nüske

We study the numerical approximation of the stochastic heat equation with a distributional reaction term. Under a condition on the Besov regularity of the reaction term, it was proven recently that a strong solution exists and is unique in…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-12 Ludovic Goudenège , El Mehdi Haress , Alexandre Richard

We study the first-passage dynamics of a non-Markovian stochastic process with time-averaged feedback, which we model as a one-dimensional Ornstein--Uhlenbeck process wherein the particle drift is modified by the empirical mean of its…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-16 Francesco Coghi , Romain Duvezin , John S. Wettlaufer

We propose a simple method that combines neural networks and Gaussian processes. The proposed method can estimate the uncertainty of outputs and flexibly adjust target functions where training data exist, which are advantages of Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-20 Tomoharu Iwata , Zoubin Ghahramani

In this paper, we apply rough paths techniques to provide an approximation of the solution of stochastic functional differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter $H>1/2$. Here, the involved stochastic…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Johanna Garzón , Jorge A. León , Jorge Lozada , Soledad Torres

This article treats both discrete time and continuous time stopping problems for general Markov processes on the real line with general linear costs. Using an auxiliary function of maximum representation type, conditions are given to…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Sören Christensen , Tobias Sohr