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Security of embedded computing systems is becoming of paramount concern as these devices become more ubiquitous, contain personal information and are increasingly used for financial transactions. Security attacks targeting embedded systems…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-11-09 Roshan G. Ragel , Jude A. Ambrose , Sri Parameswaran

Modern processors include high-performance cryptographic functionalities such as Intel's AES-NI and ARM's Pointer Authentication that allow programs to efficiently authenticate data held by the program. Pointer Authentication is already…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Setareh Ghorshi , Lachlan J. Gunn , Hans Liljestrand , N. Asokan

Model extraction emerges as a critical security threat with attack vectors exploiting both algorithmic and implementation-based approaches. The main goal of an attacker is to steal as much information as possible about a protected victim…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Kevin Hector , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Mathieu Dumont , Jean-Max Dutertre

Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) is a key enabler of high-performance systems, offering low latency, high throughput, and reduced CPU overhead by allowing direct memory-to-memory transfers between machines. However, its design bypasses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Erik Bångsbo , Zakaria Hersi , Anna Benktson , Stefan Holmgren , Romaric Duvignau

Adversarial bit-flip attack (BFA) on Neural Network weights can result in catastrophic accuracy degradation by flipping a very small number of bits. A major drawback of prior bit flip attack techniques is their reliance on test data. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Behnam Ghavami , Mani Sadati , Mohammad Shahidzadeh , Zhenman Fang , Lesley Shannon

AI Accelerator (AIA) are specialized hardware e.g., Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), that enable optimal and efficient execution of AI applications and on-device inference. The growing demand for AI applications has led to the widespread…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Datta Manikanta Sri Hari Danduri , Aravind Kumar Machiry

Embedded software is developed under the assumption that hardware execution is always correct. Fault attacks break and exploit that assumption. Through the careful introduction of targeted faults, an adversary modifies the control-flow or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Bilgiday Yuce , Patrick Schaumont , Marc Witteman

Deep learning architectures (DLA) have shown impressive performance in computer vision, natural language processing and so on. Many DLA make use of cloud computing to achieve classification due to the high computation and memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Tolulope A. Odetola , Hawzhin Raoof Mohammed , Syed Rafay Hasan

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has experienced significant development and continuous breakthroughs in theory, enabling its widespread application in various fields, like outsourcing computation and secure multi-party computing, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yanwei Gong , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić , Jianhua Wang , Haoran Zhu

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are becoming widely used accelerators for a myriad of datacenter applications due to their flexibility and energy efficiency. Among these applications, FPGAs have shown promising results in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Andrew Boutros , Mathew Hall , Nicolas Papernot , Vaughn Betz

Verifying integrity of software execution in low-end micro-controller units (MCUs) is a well-known open problem. The central challenge is how to securely detect software exploits with minimal overhead, since these MCUs are designed for low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Ivan De Oliveira Nunes , Sashidhar Jakkamsetti , Gene Tsudik

Computing elements of CPSs must be flexible to ensure interoperability; and adaptive to cope with the evolving internal and external state, such as battery level and critical tasks. Cryptography is a common task needed in CPSs to guarantee…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Francesco Ratto , Luigi Raffo , Francesca Palumbo

Memory corruption vulnerabilities have been around for decades and rank among the most prevalent vulnerabilities in embedded systems. Yet this constrained environment poses unique design and implementation challenges that significantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Ali Abbasi , Jos Wetzels , Thorsten Holz , Sandro Etalle

Dataflow neural network accelerators efficiently process AI tasks on FPGAs, with deployment simplified by ready-to-use frameworks and pre-trained models. However, this convenience makes them vulnerable to malicious actors seeking to reverse…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Guillaume Lomet , Ruben Salvador , Brice Colombier , Vincent Grosso , Olivier Sentieys , Cedric Killian

To address the risks of increasingly capable AI systems, we introduce a hardware-level off-switch that embeds thousands of independent "security blocks" in each AI accelerator. This massively redundant architecture is designed to prevent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 James Petrie

Here we introduce an improved approach to Variational Quantum Attack Algorithms (VQAA) on crytographic protocols. Our methods provide robust quantum attacks to well-known cryptographic algorithms, more efficiently and with remarkably fewer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Borja Aizpurua , Pablo Bermejo , Josu Etxezarreta Martinez , Roman Orus

Security is the most important part in data communication system, where more randomization in secret keys increases the security as well as complexity of the cryptography algorithms. As a result in recent dates these algorithms are…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2012-05-11 Rourab Paul , Sangeet Saha , Suman Sau , Amlan Chakrabarti

Recent studies identify that Deep learning Neural Networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to subtle perturbations, which are not perceptible to human visual system but can fool the DNN models and lead to wrong outputs. A class of adversarial attack…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-05 Haoqiang Guo , Lu Peng , Jian Zhang , Fang Qi , Lide Duan

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is widely recognized as the most important block cipher in common use nowadays. This high assurance in AES is given by its resistance to ten years of extensive cryptanalysis, that has shown no…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-11-12 Anna Rimoldi , Massimiliano Sala , Enrico Bertolazzi

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows computing on encrypted data, enabling secure offloading of computation to untrusted serves. Though it provides ideal security, FHE is expensive when executed in software, 4 to 5 orders of magnitude…