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Multidimensional persistence has been proposed to study the persistence of topological features in data indexed by multiple parameters. In this work, we further explore its algebraic complications from the point of view of higher…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-07 Mickaël Buchet , Emerson G. Escolar

Understanding the structure of indecomposable $n$-dimensional persistence modules is a difficult problem, yet is foundational for studying multipersistence. To this end, Buchet and Escolar showed that any finitely presented rectangular…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Samantha Moore

In the persistent homology of filtrations, the indecomposable decompositions provide the persistence diagrams. However, in almost all cases of multidimensional persistence, the classification of all indecomposable modules is known to be a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Hideto Asashiba , Mickaël Buchet , Emerson G. Escolar , Ken Nakashima , Michio Yoshiwaki

In this paper, we study pointwise finite-dimensional (p.f.d.) $2$-parameter persistence modules where each module admits a finite convex isotopy subdivision. We show that a p.f.d. $2$-parameter persistence module $M$ (with a finite convex…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Wenwen Li , Murad Ozaydin

One of the main reasons for topological persistence being useful in data analysis is that it is backed up by a stability (isometry) property: persistence diagrams of $1$-parameter persistence modules are stable in the sense that the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Tamal K. Dey , Cheng Xin

While persistent homology has taken strides towards becoming a wide-spread tool for data analysis, multidimensional persistence has proven more difficult to apply. One reason is the serious drawback of no longer having a concise and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-12-20 Mickaël Buchet , Emerson G. Escolar

The algebraic stability theorem for $\mathbb{R}$-persistence modules is a fundamental result in topological data analysis. We present a stability theorem for $n$-dimensional rectangle decomposable persistence modules up to a constant…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-01-22 Håvard Bakke Bjerkevik

We show that a pointwise finite-dimensional persistence module indexed over a small category decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposables with local endomorphism rings. As an application of this result we give new, short proofs of…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Magnus Bakke Botnan , William Crawley-Boevey

We prove that pointwise finite-dimensional S^1 persistence modules over an arbitrary field decompose uniquely, up to isomorphism, into the direct sum of a bar code and finitely-many Jordan cells. These persistence modules have also been…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Eric J. Hanson , Job D. Rock

Computation of the interleaving distance between persistence modules is a central task in topological data analysis. For $1$-parameter persistence modules, thanks to the isometry theorem, this can be done by computing the bottleneck…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Tamal K. Dey , Cheng Xin

In this work, we propose a new invariant for $2$D persistence modules called the compressed multiplicity and show that it generalizes the notions of the dimension vector and the rank invariant. In addition, for a $2$D persistence module…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-17 Hideto Asashiba , Emerson G. Escolar , Ken Nakashima , Michio Yoshiwaki

We characterize the class of persistence modules indexed over $\mathbb{R}^2$ that are decomposable into summands whose support have the shape of a {\em block}---i.e. a horizontal band, a vertical band, an upper-right quadrant, or a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-28 Jérémy Cochoy , Steve Oudot

We show that a persistence module (for a totally ordered indexing set) consisting of finite-dimensional vector spaces is a direct sum of interval modules. The result extends to persistence modules with the descending chain condition on…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-30 William Crawley-Boevey

For any persistence module $M$ over a finite poset $\mathbf{P}$, and any interval $I$ of $\mathbf{P}$, we give a formula for the multiplicity $d_M(V_I)$ of the interval module $V_I$ in the indecomposable decomposition of $M$ in terms of the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Hideto Asashiba , Enhao Liu

We give formulas for calculating the interleaving distance between rectangle persistence modules that depend solely on the geometry of the underlying rectangles. Moreover, we extend our results to calculate the bottleneck distance for…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Mehmet Ali Batan , Claudia Landi , Mehmetcik Pamuk

This paper addresses two questions: (a) can we identify a sensible class of 2-parameter persistence modules on which the rank invariant is complete? (b) can we determine efficiently whether a given 2-parameter persistence module belongs to…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Magnus Bakke Botnan , Vadim Lebovici , Steve Oudot

Algebraic persistence studies persistence modules (typically, linear representations of the poset $\mathbf{R}^n$ with $n \geq 1$) and the algebraic relationships between persistence modules that are interleaved. The notion of…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Ulrich Bauer , Luis Scoccola

We show that computing the interleaving distance between two multi-graded persistence modules is NP-hard. More precisely, we show that deciding whether two modules are $1$-interleaved is NP-complete, already for bigraded, interval…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Håvard Bakke Bjerkevik , Magnus Bakke Botnan , Michael Kerber

A persistence module with $m$ discrete parameters is a diagram of vector spaces indexed by the poset $\mathbb{N}^m$. If we are only interested in the large scale behavior of such a diagram, then we can consider two diagrams equivalent if…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Martin Frankland , Donald Stanley

Let $\mathbf{k}$ be a field and let $V: \mathscr{C} \to \mathbf{k}\textup{-Mod}$ be a point-wise finite dimensional persistence modules, where $\mathscr{C}$ is a small category. Assume that for all local Artinian $\mathbf{k}$-algebras $R$…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-01 José A. Vélez-Marulanda
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