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Chemical, mechanical, thermal and/or electronic properties of bulk or low-dimensional materials can be engineered by introducing structural defects to form novel functionalities. When using particles irradiation, these defects can be…
Graphene's intrinsically corrugated and wrinkled topology fundamentally influences its electronic, mechanical, and chemical properties. Experimental techniques allow the manipulation of pristine graphene and the controlled production of…
In complex crystals close to melting or at finite temperatures, different types of defects are ubiquitous and their role becomes relevant in the mechanical response of these solids. Conventional elasticity theory fails to provide a…
Many 'interesting; correlated electron materials exhibit an unusual sensitivity of measured properties to external perturbations, and in particular to imperfections in the sample being measured. It is argued that in addition to its…
Electron spectroscopy implemented in electron microscopes provides high spatial resolution, down to the atomic scale, of the chemical, electronic, vibrational and optical properties of materials. In this review, we will describe how…
Defect engineering using self-doping or creating vacancies in polycrystalline oxide based materials has profound influence on optical absorption, UV photo detection, and electrical switching. However, defects induced semiconducting oxide…
The major resolution-limiting factor in cryoelectron microscopy of unstained biological specimens is radiation damage by the very electrons that are used to probe the specimen structure. To address this problem, an electron microscopy…
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is a technique used to measure crystallographic features in the scanning electron microscope. The technique is highly automated and readily accessible in many laboratories. EBSD pattern indexing is…
Microscopy image enhancement plays a pivotal role in understanding the details of biological cells and materials at microscopic scales. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the advancement of microscopy image enhancement,…
Direct electron detectors in scanning transmission electron microscopy give unprecedented possibilities for structure analysis at the nanoscale. In electronic and quantum materials, this new capability gives access to, for example, emergent…
The use of fast pixelated detectors and direct electron detection technology is revolutionising many aspects of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The widespread adoption of these new technologies is impeded by the technical…
Macromolecules change their shape (conformation) in the process of carrying out their functions. The imaging by cryo-electron microscopy of rapidly-frozen, individual copies of macromolecules (single particles) is a powerful and general…
Micromechanical constitutive parameters are important for many engineering materials, typically in microelectronic applications and material design. Their accurate identification poses a three-fold experimental challenge: (i) deformation of…
The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is probably one the most fascinating examination approach that has been used since more than two decades to detailed inspection of micro scale objects. Most of the scanning electron microscopes could…
Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) provides rich, atomic-scale insights into materials structures. However, extracting specific physical properties - such as polarization directions essential for…
Point defects have a strong influence on the physical properties of materials, often dominating the electronic and optical behavior in semiconductors and insulators. The simulation and analysis of point defects is therefore crucial for…
The simulation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images or diffraction patterns is often required to interpret their contrast and extract specimen features. This is especially true for high-resolution phase-contrast imaging of…
Transmission electron microscopy has witnessed rampant development and surging point resolution over the past few years. The improved imaging performance of modern electron microscopes shifts the bottleneck for image contrast and resolution…
An important goal of modern condensed matter physics involves the search for states of matter with new emergent properties and desirable functionalities. Although the tools for material design remain relatively limited, notable advances…
Electron tomography is becoming an increasingly important tool in materials science for studying the three-dimensional morphologies and chemical compositions of nanostructures. The image quality obtained by many current algorithms is…