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Each year, the treatment decisions for more than 230,000 breast cancer patients in the U.S. hinge on whether the cancer has metastasized away from the breast. Metastasis detection is currently performed by pathologists reviewing large…
Cancer is a disease of cellular regulation, often initiated by genetic mutation within cells, and leading to a heterogeneous cell population within tissues. In the competition for nutrients and growth space within the tumors the phenotype…
Stem cells, through their ability to produce daughter stem cells and differentiate into specialized cells, are essential in the growth, maintenance, and repair of biological tissues. Understanding the dynamics of cell populations in the…
We present a two-dimensional continuum model of tumor growth, which treats the tissue as a composition of six distinct fluid phases; their dynamics are governed by the equations of mass and momentum conservation. Our model divides the…
Machine learning (ML) is a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) where computers analyze data and find patterns in the data. The study focuses on the detection of metastatic cancer using ML. Metastatic cancer is the point where the cancer…
We calculate measures of hierarchy in gene and tissue networks of breast cancer patients. We find that the likelihood of metastasis in the future is correlated with increased values of network hierarchy for expression networks of…
Cancer has been characterized as a constellation of hundreds of diseases differing in underlying mutations and depending on cellular environments. Carcinogenesis as a stochastic physical process has been studied for over sixty years, but…
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. It is characterized by a slow growth and it can be diagnosed in an early stage by observing the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA). However, a relapse after the primary therapy could…
Tomasetti and Vogelstein (2015a) find that the incidence of a set of cancer types is correlated with the total number of normal stem cell divisions. Here, we separate the effects of standing stem cell number (i.e., organ or tissue size) and…
In this paper, we conduct a thorough mathematical analysis of a tumor growth model with treatments. The model is a system describing the evolution of metastatic tumors and the number of cells present in a primary tumor. The former evolution…
Although the survival rate of cancer patients has significantly increased due to advances in anti-cancer therapeutics, one of the major side effects of these therapies, particularly radiotherapy, is the potential manifestation of…
We present a stochastic computational model of avascular tumors, emphasizing the detailed implementation of the first four so-called hallmarks of cancer: self-sufficiency in growth factors, resistance to growth inhibitors, avoidance of…
Cancer is a complex disease and thus is complicated to model. However, simple models that describe the main processes involved in tumoral dynamics, e.g., competition and mutation, can give us clues about cancer behaviour, at least…
Cancer is a term that denotes a group of diseases caused by abnormal growth of cells that can spread in different parts of the body. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second major cause of death after…
Neuroblastoma is a paediatric extracranial solid cancer that arises from the developing sympathetic nervous system and is characterised by an abnormal distribution of cell types in tumours compared to healthy infant tissues. In this paper,…
We investigate the dynamics of cancer initiation in a mathematical model with one driver mutation and several passenger mutations. Our analysis is based on a multi type branching process: We model individual cells which can either divide or…
In this paper we propose a systematic approach to construct mathematical models describing populations of cancer-cells at different stages of disease development. The methodology we propose is based on stochastic Concurrent Constraint…
Individual cells exhibit specific proliferative responses to changes in microenvironmental conditions. Whether such potential is constrained by the cell density throughout the growth process is however unclear. Here, we identify a…
Understanding tumor invasion and metastasis is of crucial importance for both fundamental cancer research and clinical practice. In vitro experiments have established that the invasive growth of malignant tumors is characterized by the…
Despite initial success, cancer therapies often fail due to the emergence of drug-resistant cells. In this study, we use a mathematical model to investigate how cancer evolves over time, specifically focusing on the state of the tumor when…