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In octilinear drawings of planar graphs, every edge is drawn as an alternating sequence of horizontal, vertical and diagonal ($45^\circ$) line-segments. In this paper, we study octilinear drawings of low edge complexity, i.e., with few…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Michael A. Bekos , Martin Gronemann , Michael Kaufmann , Robert Krug

A graph H is called common if the total number of copies of H in every graph and its complement asymptotically minimizes for random graphs. A former conjecture of Burr and Rosta, extending a conjecture of Erdos asserted that every graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-31 Hamed Hatami , Jan Hladky , Daniel Kral , Serguei Norine , Alexander Razborov

A graph is said to be $k$-{\em isoregular} if any two vertex subsets of cardinality at most $k$, that induce subgraphs of the same isomorphism type, have the same number of neighbors. It is shown that no $3$-isoregular bicirculant (and more…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Klavdija Kutnar , Dragan Marušič , Štefko Miklavič

An edge coloring of a graph $G$ is to color all the edges in the graph such that adjacent edges receive different colors. It is acyclic if each cycle in the graph receives at least three colors. Fiam{\v{c}}ik (1978) and Alon, Sudakov and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Qiaojun Shu , Guohui Lin

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one another edge. In this work we prove that each 1-planar graph of minimum degree at least $3$ contains an edge with degrees of its endvertices of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Bei Niu , Xin Zhang

While planar graphs are flat from a topological viewpoint, we observe that they are not from a geometric one. We prove that every planar graph can be embedded into a surface consisting of spheres, glued together in a tree-like fashion. As a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-07-07 Henning Wunderlich

An arrangement of circles in which circles intersect only in angles of $\pi/2$ is called an \emph{arrangement of orthogonal circles}. We show that in the case that no two circles are nested, the intersection graph of such an arrangement is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Sarah Carmesin , André Schulz

For a planar graph with a given f-vector $(f_{0}, f_{1}, f_{2}),$ we introduce a cubic polynomial whose coefficients depend on the f-vector. The planar graph is said to be real if all the roots of the corresponding polynomial are real. Thus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-29 M. R. Emamy-K. , Bahman Kalantari , Tatiana Correa

Graph coloring with preferences offers a powerful framework for constraint satisfaction problems in which fulfilling every request is impossible but satisfying a guaranteed positive fraction is highly desirable. A \emph{request} on a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Shu Fang , Runrun Liu , Gexin Yu

We prove that, for every positive integer k, there is an integer N such that every 4-connected non-planar graph with at least N vertices has a minor isomorphic to K_{4,k}, the graph obtained from a cycle of length 2k+1 by adding an edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-11 Guoli Ding , Bogdan Oporowski , Robin Thomas , Dirk Vertigan

A subcycle of an Eulerian circuit is a sequence of edges that are consecutive in the circuit and form a cycle. We characterise the quartic planar graphs that admit Eulerian circuits avoiding 3-cycles and 4-cycles. From this, it follows that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-08 Jane Tan

The intersection graph $\Delta_G$ of a finite group $G$ is a simple graph with vertices the non-trivial proper subgroups of $G$, and an edge between two vertices if their corresponding subgroups intersect non-trivially. These graphs were…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-21 Melissa Lee , Kamilla Rekvényi

We call a (not necessarily planar) embedding of a graph $G$ in the plane \emph{sequential} if its vertices lie in $\mathbb Z^2$ and the line segments between adjacent vertices contain no interior integer points. In this note, we prove (i) a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Jackson Autry , Christopher O'Neill

A graph on $n \ge 3$ vertices drawn in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most four times has at most $6(n-2)$ edges -- this result proven by Ackerman is outstanding in the literature of beyond-planar graphs with regard to its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Aaron Büngener

This paper studies the choosability of signed planar graphs. We prove that every signed planar graph is 5-choosable and that there is a signed planar graph which is not 4-choosable while the unsigned graph is 4-choosable. For each $k \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-27 Ligang Jin , Yingli Kang , Eckhard Steffen

A graph is $k$-planar $(k \geq 1)$ if it can be drawn in the plane such that no edge is crossed more than $k$ times. A graph is $k$-quasi planar $(k \geq 2)$ if it can be drawn in the plane with no $k$ pairwise crossing edges. The families…

An $r$-quasiplanar graph is a graph drawn in the plane with no $r$ pairwise crossing edges. Let $s \geq 3$ be an integer and $r=2^s$. We prove that there is a constant $C$ such that every $r$-quasiplanar graph with $n \geq r$ vertices has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-26 Jacob Fox , Janos Pach , Andrew Suk

Word-representable graphs, characterized by the existence of a semi-transitive orientation, form a well-studied class of graphs. Comparability graphs form another well-studied class and constitute a subclass of word-representable graphs.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Benny George Kenkireth , Gopalan Sajith , Sreyas Sasidharan

A conjecture due to the fourth author states that every $d$-regular planar multigraph can be $d$-edge-coloured, provided that for every odd set $X$ of vertices, there are at least $d$ edges between $X$ and its complement. For $d = 3$ this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-10-30 Maria Chudnovsky , Katherine Edwards , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Paul Seymour

A $k$-regular graph of girth $g$ is called edge-girth-regular graph, shortly egr-graph, if each of its edges is contained in exactly $\lambda$ distinct $g-$cycles. An egr-graph is called extremal for the triple $(k, g, \lambda)$ if has the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Gabriela Araujo-Pardo , György Kiss , István Porupsánszki