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This paper presents Deep Retinal Image Understanding (DRIU), a unified framework of retinal image analysis that provides both retinal vessel and optic disc segmentation. We make use of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Kevis-Kokitsi Maninis , Jordi Pont-Tuset , Pablo Arbeláez , Luc Van Gool

Machine learning is gaining significant attention as a diagnostic tool in medical imaging, particularly in the analysis of retinal fundus images. However, this approach is not yet clinically applicable, as it still depends on human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Mattea Reid , Zuhairah Zainal , Khaing Zin Than , Danielle Chan , Jonathan Chan

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Glaucoma prognosis is essential for identifying at-risk patients and enabling timely intervention to prevent blindness. Many existing approaches rely on historical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yiran Song , Yikai Zhang , Silvia Orengo-Nania , Nian Wang , Fenglong Ma , Rui Zhang , Yifan Peng , Mingquan Lin

$\bf{Purpose}$: To describe the 3D structural changes in both connective and neural tissues of the optic nerve head (ONH) that occur concurrently at different stages of glaucoma using traditional and AI-driven approaches. $\bf{Methods}$: We…

Convolutional neural nets (CNN) are the leading computer vision method for classifying images. In some cases, it is desirable to classify only a specific region of the image that corresponds to a certain object. Hence, assuming that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Sagi Eppel

Fairness (also known as equity interchangeably) in machine learning is important for societal well-being, but limited public datasets hinder its progress. Currently, no dedicated public medical datasets with imaging data for fairness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yan Luo , Yu Tian , Min Shi , Louis R. Pasquale , Lucy Q. Shen , Nazlee Zebardast , Tobias Elze , Mengyu Wang

Retinal diseases are a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness, with timely diagnosis being critical for effective treatment. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has become a standard imaging modality for retinal disease diagnosis,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Jilan Cheng , Guoli Long , Zeyu Zhang , Zhenjia Qi , Hanyu Wang , Libin Lu , Shuihua Wang , Yudong Zhang , Jin Hong

This paper presents a computationally efficient method for the detection of optic nerve head in both color fundus and fluorescein angiography images. It involves a combination of Radon transformation and multi-overlapping windows within an…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-10-03 Reza Pourreza-Shahri , Meysam Tavakoli , Nasser Kehtarnavaz

Accurately segmenting blood vessels in retinal fundus images is crucial in the early screening, diagnosing, and evaluating some ocular diseases, yet it poses a nontrivial uncertainty for the segmentation task due to various factors such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Yuanyuan Peng , Pengpeng Luan , Zixu Zhang

Glaucoma remains among the leading causes of blindness despite many treatment options available today. Effective treatment requires early diagnosis, which is difficult to achieve with existing imaging technologies that detect the already…

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Accurate segmentation of the optic disc (OD) and cup (OC) from fundus images is beneficial to glaucoma screening and diagnosis. Recently, convolutional neural networks demonstrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Shujun Wang , Lequan Yu , Xin Yang , Chi-Wing Fu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Retinopathy represents a group of retinal diseases that, if not treated timely, can cause severe visual impairments or even blindness. Many researchers have developed autonomous systems to recognize retinopathy via fundus and optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Taimur Hassan , Bilal Hassan , Muhammad Usman Akram , Shahrukh Hashmi , Abdel Hakim Taguri , Naoufel Werghi

Retinal vessel segmentation is a crucial step in diagnosing and screening various diseases, including diabetes, ophthalmologic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, we propose an effective and efficient method for vessel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-24 Zhun Fan , Jiajie Mo , Benzhang Qiu , Wenji Li , Guijie Zhu , Chong Li , Jianye Hu , Yibiao Rong , Xinjian Chen

Melanoma is a type of cancer that begins in the cells controlling the pigment of the skin, and it is often referred to as the most dangerous skin cancer. Diagnosing melanoma can be time-consuming, and a recent increase in melanoma incidents…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-15 Marie Bø-Sande , Edvin Benjaminsen , Neel Kanwal , Saul Fuster , Helga Hardardottir , Ingrid Lundal , Emiel A. M. Janssen , Kjersti Engan

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer, mainly affecting the youngest and oldest populations. Its detection at early stages is crucial to reduce the probability of developing bone metastasis. In this context, accurate and fast…

As current computing capabilities increase, modern machine learning and computer vision system tend to increase in complexity, mostly by means of larger models and advanced optimization strategies. Although often neglected, in many problems…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-07 Adrian Galdran , Miguel A. González Ballester

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. Segmentation of optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC) on fundus images is a crucial step in glaucoma screening. Although many deep learning models have been constructed for this…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-11 Ziyang Chen , Yongsheng Pan , Yong Xia

Early identification of patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is crucial for effective preventive care, reducing healthcare burden, and improving patients' quality of life. This study demonstrates the potential of retinal…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Cynthia Maldonado-Garcia , Arezoo Zakeri , Alejandro F Frangi , Nishant Ravikumar

The automatic detection of disease related entities in retinal imaging data is relevant for disease- and treatment monitoring. It enables the quantitative assessment of large amounts of data and the corresponding study of disease…

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world, affecting over 70 million people. The cumbersome Standard Automated Perimetry (SAP) test is most frequently used to detect visual loss due to glaucoma. Due to the SAP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Shounak Datta , Eduardo B. Mariottoni , David Dov , Alessandro A. Jammal , Lawrence Carin , Felipe A. Medeiros