Related papers: Algorithmic counting of nonequivalent compact Huff…
We analyze a generalization of Huffman coding to the quantum case. In particular, we notice various difficulties in using instantaneous codes for quantum communication. Nevertheless, for the storage of quantum information, we have succeeded…
We consider the well-studied pattern counting problem: given a permutation $\pi \in \mathbb{S}_n$ and an integer $k > 1$, count the number of order-isomorphic occurrences of every pattern $\tau \in \mathbb{S}_k$ in $\pi$. Our first result…
A unitary perfect number is a positive integer n satisfying \sigma^*(n)=2n, where \sigma^* sums unitary divisors. Only five examples are known, and no sixth has been found. We revisit the Subbarao-Warren problem by keeping the seed factor…
Text compression schemes and compact data structures usually combine sophisticated probability models with basic coding methods whose average codeword length closely match the entropy of known distributions. In the frequent case where basic…
We study 4 problems in string matching, namely, regular expression matching, approximate regular expression matching, string edit distance, and subsequence indexing, on a standard word RAM model of computation that allows logarithmic-sized…
Phylogenetic networks are leaf-labelled directed acyclic graphs that are used to describe non-treelike evolutionary histories and are thus a generalization of phylogenetic trees. The hybridization number of a phylogenetic network is the sum…
We initiate the study of tree structures in the context of scenario-based robust optimization. Specifically, we study Binary Search Trees (BSTs) and Huffman coding, two fundamental techniques for efficiently managing and encoding data based…
We consider the multiple traveling salesman problem on a weighted tree. In this problem there are $m$ salesmen located at the root initially. Each of them will visit a subset of vertices and return to the root. The goal is to assign a tour…
We look at a family of meta-Fibonacci sequences which arise in studying the number of leaves at the largest level in certain infinite sequences of binary trees, restricted compositions of an integer, and binary compact codes. For this…
Given a recurrent sequence ${\bf U}:=\{U_n\}_{n\ge 0}$ we consider the problem of counting ${\mathcal M}_U(x)$, the number of integers $n\le x$ such that $U_n=u^2+nv^2$ for some integers $u,v$. We will show that ${\mathcal M}_U(x)\ll x(\log…
We study the counting problem known as #PPM, whose input is a pair of permutations $\pi$ and $\tau$ (called pattern and text, respectively), and the task is to find the number of subsequences of $\tau$ that have the same relative order as…
In a \emph{weighted sequence}, for every position of the sequence and every letter of the alphabet a probability of occurrence of this letter at this position is specified. Weighted sequences are commonly used to represent imprecise or…
Probabilistic programming languages and other machine learning applications often require samples to be generated from a categorical distribution where the probability of each one of $n$ categories is specified as a parameter. If the…
Every binary De~Bruijn sequence of order n satisfies a recursion 0=x_n+x_0+g(x_{n-1}, ..., x_1). Given a function f on (n-1) bits, let N(f; r) be the number of functions generating a De Bruijn sequence of order n which are obtained by…
The Cartesian tree of a sequence captures the relative order of the sequence's elements. In recent years, Cartesian tree matching has attracted considerable attention, particularly due to its applications in time series analysis. Consider a…
We present algorithms for length-constrained maximum sum segment and maximum density segment problems, in particular, and the problem of finding length-constrained heaviest segments, in general, for a sequence of real numbers. Given a…
`Terquem's problem' is a name given in the twentieth century to the problem of enumerating certain integer sequences whose entries alternate in parity. In particular, this problem asks for the count of strictly increasing length $m$…
New bounds on the number of similar or directly similar copies of a pattern within a finite subset of the line or the plane are proved. The number of equilateral triangles whose vertices all lie within an $n$-point subset of the plane is…
This paper presents a novel approach to address the constrained coding challenge of generating almost-balanced sequences. While strictly balanced sequences have been well studied in the past, the problem of designing efficient algorithms…
Here, we give upper and lower bounds on the count of positive integers $n\le x$ dividing the $n$th term of a nondegenerate linearly recurrent sequence with simple roots.