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It was recently shown that the exact potential driving the electron's dynamics in enhanced ionization of H$_2^+$ can have large contributions arising from dynamical electron-nuclear correlation, going beyond what any electrostatics-based…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2017-06-07 E. Khosravi , A. Abedi , A. Rubio , N. T. Maitra

It was recently shown that the exact factorization of the electron-nuclear wavefunction allows the construction of a Schr\"odinger equation for the electronic system, in which the potential contains exactly the effect of coupling to the…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2016-01-20 Elham Khosravi , Ali Abedi , Neepa T. Maitra

We propose mixed quantum-classical equations of motion that unify electronic coherence and phase evolution simultaneously within the exact factorization framework. Our derivation shows that incorporating the second-order electron-nuclear…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Jong-Kwon Ha , Seong Ho Kim , Seung Kyu Min

The Exact Factorization (EF) theory aims at the separation of the nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom in the many-body (MB) quantum mechanical problem. Being formally equivalent to the solution of the MB Schr\"{o}dinger equation, EF…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Vladimir U. Nazarov , E. K. U. Gross

We present an exact single-electron picture that describes the correlated electron dynamics in strong laser fields. Our approach is based on the factorization of the electronic wavefunction as a product of a marginal and a conditional…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-04-26 Axel Schild , E. K. U. Gross

The exact factorization approach has led to the development of new mixed quantum-classical methods for simulating coupled electron-ion dynamics. We compare their performance for dynamics when more than two electronic states are occupied at…

We develop a novel approach to the coupled motion of electrons and ions that focuses on the dynamics of the electronic subsystem. Usually the description of electron dynamics involves an electronic Schr\"odinger equation where the nuclear…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-11-18 Yasumitsu Suzuki , Ali Abedi , Neepa T. Maitra , Koichi Yamashita , E. K. U. Gross

The molecular Schr\"odinger equation is rewritten in terms of non-unitary equations of motion for the nuclei (or electrons) that depend parametrically on the configuration of an ensemble of generally defined electronic (or nuclear)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-02-18 Guillermo Albareda , Heiko Appel , Ignacio Franco , Ali Abedi , Angel Rubio

We present a new formulation of the correlated electron-ion dynamics (CEID) scheme, which systematically improves Ehrenfest dynamics by including quantum fluctuations around the mean-field atomic trajectories. We show that the method can…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-12-13 L. Stella , M. Meister , A. J. Fisher , A. P. Horsfield

If one-electron observables of a many-electron system are of interest, a many-electron dynamics can be represented exactly by a one-electron dynamics with effective potentials. The formalism for this reduction is provided by the Exact…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Jakub Kocák , Axel Schild

The Exact Factorization (XF) of molecular wavefunctions can be viewed as an 'electronic wavepacket' framework for quantum dynamics. It is an appealing alternative to the conventional non-adiabatic dynamics, unfolding in the space of coupled…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Julian Stetzler , Sophya Garashchuk , Vitaly A. Rassolov

This Review is devoted to the presentation of the exact factorization as a framework employed to study a variety of quantum-mechanical many-body problems. Since its original formulation in the 70s, the main applications of the exact…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Peter Schürger , Sara Giarrusso , Federica Agostini

The exact factorization approach, originally developed for electron-nuclear dynamics, is extended to light-matter interactions within the dipole approximation. This allows for a Schrodinger equation for the photonic wavefunction, in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-29 Norah M. Hoffmann , Heiko Appel , Angel Rubio , Neepa T. Maitra

We present numerically exact solutions to the full-dimensional Schrodinger Equation for the few-electron gas (few-EG) model of electronic structure theory. Our core methodology uses a Sum-of-Products (SOP) representation of singular…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-11-13 Jonathan Jerke , Eric R Bittner , Bill Poirier

There are different ways to obtain an exact one-electron theory for a many-electron system, and the exact electron factorization (EEF) is one of them. In the EEF, the Schr\"odinger equation for one electron in the environment of other…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Jakub Kocák , Eli Kraisler , Axel Schild

It was recently shown [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 123002 (2010)] that the complete wavefunction for a system of electrons and nuclei evolving in a time-dependent external potential can be exactly factorized into an electronic wavefunction and a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Ali Abedi , Neepa T. Maitra , E. K. U. Gross

The Exact Factorization framework is extended and utilized to introduce the electronic-states of correlated electron-photon systems. The formal definitions of an exact scalar potential and an exact vector potential that account for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Ali Abedi , Elham Khosravi , Ilya Tokatly

Modeling the dynamics of non-bound states in molecules requires an accurate description of how electronic motion affects nuclear motion and vice-versa. The exact factorization (XF) approach offers a unique perspective, in that it provides…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-05-16 Evaristo Villaseco Arribas , Federica Agostini , Neepa T. Maitra

The exact factorization of the time-dependent electron-nuclear wavefunction has been employed successfully in the field of quantum molecular dynamics simulations for interpreting and simulating light-induced ultrafast processes. In this…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 Federica Agostini , E. K. U. Gross

A novel treatment of non-adiabatic couplings is proposed. The derivation starts from the long-known, but not well-known, fact that the wave function of the complete system of elctrons and nuclei can be written, without approximation, as a…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Nikitas I. Gidopoulos , E. K. U. Gross
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