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We study a dephasing many-body open quantum system that hosts, together with the infinite-temperature state, another additional stationary state. The latter is exceptional in many respects, as it is pure and retains memory of the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Alice Marché , Gianluca Morettini , Leonardo Mazza , Lorenzo Gotta , Luca Capizzi

The phenomenon of PT (parity- and time-reversal) symmetry breaking is conventionally associated with a change in the complex mode spectrum of a non-Hermitian system that marks a transition from a purely oscillatory to an exponentially…

Parity-time($\mathcal{PT}$)-symmetric systems, featuring real eigenvalues despite its non-Hermitian nature, have been widely utilized to achieve exotic functionalities in the classical realm, such as loss-induced transparency or lasing…

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is crucial to the occurrence of phase transitions. Once a phase transition occurs, a quantum system presents degenerate eigenstates that lack the symmetry of the Hamiltonian. After crossing the critical…

Open quantum and wave systems exhibit exotic degeneracies at exceptional points in parameter space that have attracted considerable attention in various fields of physics, including optics and photonics. One reason is the strong response of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Jan Wiersig

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian photonics offer singular sensitivity enhancements but have thus far been realized almost exclusively in spatially engineered platforms with fixed geometries and limited tunability. Here we extend EP…

Non-Hermitian rotation-time reversal (RT)-symmetric spin models possess two distinct phases, the unbroken phase in which the entire spectrum is real and the broken phase which contains complex eigenspectra, thereby indicating a transition…

Exceptional points are a ubiquitous concept widely present in driven-dissipative coupled systems described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. It is characterized by the degeneracy of the Hamiltonian's eigenvalues and coalescence of…

We study the effect of superradiance in open quantum systems, i.e., the separation of short- and long-living eigenstates when a certain subspace of states in the Hilbert space acquires an increasing decay width. We use several Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Pavel Stránský , Pavel Cejnar

A phenomenological Hamiltonian of a closed (i.e., unitary) quantum system is assumed to have an $N$ by $N$ real-matrix form composed of a unperturbed diagonal-matrix part $H^{(N)}_0$ and of a tridiagonal-matrix perturbation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-06-01 Miloslav Znojil

The conventional toy-model constructions of phase diagrams often use various versions of the standard Hermitian Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians $H$. These studies were recently extended to cover several non-Hermitian PT-symmetric versions of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-04-23 Miloslav Znojil

Open quantum systems described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian exhibit rich dynamics due to the topology of their complex energy spectrum. By encircling an exceptional point degeneracy, this topology allows for topological state transport,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Serra Erdamar , Maryam Abbasi , Weijian Chen , Niklas Hörnedal , Aurélia Chenu , Kater W. Murch

The exceptional point has presented considerably interesting and counterintuitive phenomena associated with nonreciprocity, precision measurement, and topological dynamics. The Liouvillian exceptional point (LEP), involving the interplay of…

Exceptional points, where two or more eigenstates of a non-Hermitian system coalesce, are now of interest across many fields of physics, from the perspective of open-system dynamics, sensing, nonreciprocal transport, and topological phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Aritra Ghosh , M. Bhattacharya

Non-Hermitian spectral degeneracies, known as exceptional points (EPs), feature simultaneous coalescence of both eigenvalues and the associated eigenstates of a system. A host of intriguing EP effects and their applications have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 R. Huang , Ş. K. Özdemir , J. -Q. Liao , F. Minganti , L. -M. Kuang , Franco Nori , H. Jing

Exceptional degeneracies and generically complex spectra of non-Hermitian systems are at the heart of numerous phenomena absent in the Hermitian realm. Recently, it was suggested that Floquet dissipative coupling in the space-time domain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Zimo Zhang , Fengbo Zhang , Zhongxiao Xu , Ying Hu , Han Bao , Heng Shen

The exotic physics emerging in non-Hermitian systems with balanced distributions of gain and loss has drawn a great deal of attention in recent years. These systems exhibit phase transitions and exceptional point singularities in their…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-17 Arik Bergman , Robert Duggan , Kavita Sharma , Moshe Tur , Avi Zadok , Andrea Alu

Exceptional points (EPs) are distinct characteristics of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that have no counterparts in Hermitian systems. In this study, we focus on EPs in continuous systems rather than discrete non-Hermitian systems, which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Y. T. Wang , R. Wang , X. Z. Zhang

Exceptional points (EPs) play a vital role in non-Hermitian (NH) systems, driving unique dynamical phenomena and promising innovative applications. However, the NH dynamics at EPs remains obscure due to the incomplete biorthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Yan Xing , Xuedong Zhao , Hui Jing , Shi-Lei Su

Dynamical encirclement of an Exceptional Point (EP) and corresponding time-asymmetric mode evolution properties due to breakdown in adiabatic theorem have been a key to range of exotic physical effects in various open atomic, molecular and…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-17 Arnab Laha , Sibnath Dey , Harsh K. Gandhi , Abhijit Biswas , Somnath Ghosh