English
Related papers

Related papers: Priming intuition disfavors instrumental harm but …

200 papers

A growing body of work in Ethical AI attempts to capture human moral judgments through simple computational models. The key question we address in this work is whether such simple AI models capture {the critical} nuances of moral…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Vijay Keswani , Vincent Conitzer , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong , Breanna K. Nguyen , Hoda Heidari , Jana Schaich Borg

There is a clear need to involve patients in medical decisions. However, cognitive psychological research has highlighted the cognitive limitations of humans with respect to 1. Probabilistic assessment of the patient state and of potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Yuval Shahar

I consider decision-making constrained by considerations of morality, rationality, or other virtues. The decision maker (DM) has a true preference over outcomes, but feels compelled to choose among outcomes that are top-ranked by some…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-03-17 Sarah Ridout

We study the problem of {\em impartial selection}, a topic that lies at the intersection of computational social choice and mechanism design. The goal is to select the most popular individual among a set of community members. The input can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Ioannis Caragiannis , George Christodoulou , Nicos Protopapas

Recent adoption of conversational information systems has expanded the scope of user queries to include complex tasks such as personal advice-seeking. However, we identify a specific type of sought advice-a request for a moral judgment…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hoda Ayad , Tanu Mitra

Computational preference elicitation methods are tools used to learn people's preferences quantitatively in a given context. Recent works on preference elicitation advocate for active learning as an efficient method to iteratively construct…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Vijay Keswani , Vincent Conitzer , Hoda Heidari , Jana Schaich Borg , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly participate in tasks with ethical and societal stakes, a critical question arises: do they exhibit an emergent "moral mind" - a consistent structure of moral preferences guiding their decisions -…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Avner Seror

The conceptual framework proposed in this paper centers on the development of a deliberative moral reasoning system - one designed to process complex moral situations by generating, filtering, and weighing normative arguments drawn from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 David-Doron Yaacov

Critical decision-making in socially consequential spaces is increasingly involving AI systems at varying capacities. Yet, despite the ubiquity of autonomous systems, most approaches to handling autonomous moral decision-making resort to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Aisha Aijaz , Rahul Goel , Arnav Batra , Raghava Mutharaju

We want artificial intelligence (AI) to be beneficial. This is the grounding assumption of most of the attitudes towards AI research. We want AI to be "good" for humanity. We want it to help, not hinder, humans. Yet what exactly this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Heather M. Roff

A utility function has been proposed that values more those lives that are saved by not imposing a harmful treatment and values less those lives that could be saved by treating people who would otherwise die. I do not dispute the ethical…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-11 Tomasz Strzalecki

In the Ultimatum Game (UG) one player, named "proposer", has to decide how to allocate a certain amount of money between herself and a "responder". If the offer is greater than or equal to the responder's minimum acceptable offer (MAO),…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-04 Valerio Capraro

In many choice settings self-punishment affects individual taste, by inducing the decision maker (DM) to disregard some of the best options. In these circumstances the DM may not maximize her true preference, but some harmful distortion of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-20 Angelo Enrico Petralia

Actuarial risk assessments might be unduly perceived as a neutral way to counteract implicit bias and increase the fairness of decisions made at almost every juncture of the criminal justice system, from pretrial release to sentencing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Chelsea Barabas , Karthik Dinakar , Joichi Ito , Madars Virza , Jonathan Zittrain

Emotions guide human decisions, but whether large language models (LLMs) use emotion similarly remains unknown. We tested this using altruistic third-party punishment, where an observer incurs a personal cost to enforce fairness, a hallmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Hao Liu , Yiqing Dai , Haotian Tan , Yu Lei , Yujia Zhou , Zhen Wu

Artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing at a pace that raises urgent questions about how to align machine decision-making with human moral values. This working paper investigates how leading AI systems prioritize moral outcomes and what…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Eoin O'Doherty , Nicole Weinrauch , Andrew Talone , Uri Klempner , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie , Yi Zeng

Recent studies suggest that cooperative decision-making in one-shot interactions is a history-dependent dynamic process: promoting intuition versus deliberation has typically a positive effect on cooperation (dynamism) among people living…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-10 Valerio Capraro , Giorgia Cococcioni

Developing moral awareness in intelligent systems has shifted from a topic of philosophical inquiry to a critical and practical issue in artificial intelligence over the past decades. However, automated inference of everyday moral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Jing Yi Xie , Graeme Hirst , Yang Xu

There is a lack of consensus within the literature as to how `fairness' of algorithmic systems can be measured, and different metrics can often be at odds. In this paper, we approach this task by drawing on the ethical frameworks of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Daniel E. Rigobon

The problem of quantification of emotions in the choice between alternatives is considered. The alternatives are evaluated in a dual manner. From one side, they are characterized by rational features defining the utility of each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-07 V. I. Yukalov