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We introduce backdrop, a flexible and simple-to-implement method, intuitively described as dropout acting only along the backpropagation pipeline. Backdrop is implemented via one or more masking layers which are inserted at specific points…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-06 Siavash Golkar , Kyle Cranmer

Generative diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in producing high-quality images. However, these models typically operate in continuous intensity spaces, diffusing independently across pixels and color channels. As a result,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Javier E. Santos , Agnese Marcato , Roman Colman , Nicholas Lubbers , Yen Ting Lin

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a technology in which water is desalinated by ion electrosorption into the electric double layers (EDLs) of charging porous electrodes. In recent years significant advances have been made in modeling the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Amit N. Shocron , Matthew E. Suss

Liquid-liquid phase separation is an important mechanism for compartmentalizing the cell's cytoplasm, allowing the dynamic organization of the components necessary for survival. However, it is not clear how phase separation is affected by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-31 Estefania Vidal-Henriquez , David Zwicker

The wetting of soft elastic substrates exhibits many features that have no counterpart on rigid surfaces. Modelling the detailed elastocapillary interactions is challenging, and has so far been limited to single contact lines or single…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-11 Christopher Henkel , Jacco H. Snoeijer , Uwe Thiele

Topological superconductivity (TSC) hosts exotic modes enabling error-free quantum computation and low-temperature spintronics. Despite preliminary evidence of edge modes, unambiguous signatures remain undetected. Here, we report the first…

In recent years, slippery surfaces have attracted significant interest due to their excellent liquid-repellent properties and their potential in diverse commercial applications. Such surfaces are prepared by coating functionalized solid…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-25 Shivam Gupta , Bidisha Bhatt , Zhaohe Dai , Krishnacharya Khare

In this paper, the self-propelled motion of Leidenfrost droplets on ratchet surfaces is numerically investigated with a thermal multiphase lattice Boltzmann model with liquid-vapor phase change. The capability of the model for simulating…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Q. Li , Q. J. Kang , M. M. Francois , A. J. Hu

Joint physically and chemically pattered surfaces can provide efficient and passive manipulation of fluid flow. The ability of many of these surfaces to allow only unidirectional flow mean they are often referred to as fluid diodes.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-06-02 Jack R. Panter , Yonas Gizaw , Halim Kusumaatmaja

We developed an autonomous experimentation platform to accelerate interpretable scientific discovery in ultrafast nanophotonics, targeting a novel method to steer spontaneous emission from reconfigurable semiconductor metasurfaces.…

Liquid drops slide more slowly over soft, deformable substrates than over rigid solids. This phenomenon can be attributed to the viscoelastic dissipation induced by the moving wetting ridge, which inhibits a rapid motion, and is called…

The density functional theory (DFT) in electronic structure calculations can be formulated as either a nonlinear eigenvalue or direct minimization problem. The most widely used approach for solving the former is the so-called…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-08-14 Xin Zhang , Jinwei Zhu , Zaiwen Wen , Aihui Zhou

The finding of droplet-based electricity generator (DEG), based on the moving boundary of electrical double layer, has triggered great research enthusiasm, and a breakthrough in instantaneous electric power density was achieved recently.…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-09-15 Xiang Wang , Sunmiao Fang , Jin Tan , Tao Hu , Weicun Chu , Jun Yin , Jianxin Zhou , Wanlin Guo

We present a molecular dynamics based method for computing accurately short-range structural forces resulting from the overlap of spatially diffuse solid-liquid interfaces at wetted grain boundaries close to the melting point. The method is…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 J. J. Hoyt , David Olmsted , Saryu Jindal , Mark Asta , Alain Karma

Liquid wetting of a surface is omnipresent in nature and the advance of micro-fabrication and assembly techniques in recent years offers increasing ability to control this phenomenon. Here, we identify how surface roughness influences the…

Liquid infused surfaces with partially wetting lubricants have recently been exploited for numerous intriguing applications, such as for droplet manipulation, droplet collection and spontaneous motion. When partially wetting lubricants are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-07-27 Muhammad Subkhi Sadullah , Jack R. Panter , Halim Kusumaatmaja

The recent discovery of methods to isolate graphene, a one-atom-thick layer of crystalline carbon, has raised the possibility of a new class of nano-electronics devices based on the extraordinary electrical transport and unusual physical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-10-02 Xu Du , Ivan Skachko , Anthony Barker , Eva Y. Andrei

Jumping of coalescing condensate droplets from superhydrophobic surfaces is an interesting phenomenon which yields marked heat transfer enhancement over the more explored gravity-driven droplet removal mode in surface condensation, a phase…

We introduce an innovative numerical technique based on convex optimization to solve a range of infinite dimensional variational problems arising from the application of the background method to fluid flows. In contrast to most existing…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-04-13 G. Fantuzzi , A. Wynn

Droplet interactions with solid surfaces are fundamental to natural phenomena and hold significant commercial relevance across diverse applications. While the impingement dynamics of conventional aqueous droplets on solid substrates are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-08-07 Ram Krishna Shah , Saptarshi Mandal