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Nonconvex-nonconcave minimax optimization has received intense attention over the last decade due to its broad applications in machine learning. Most existing algorithms rely on one-sided information, such as the convexity (resp. concavity)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Taoli Zheng , Linglingzhi Zhu , Anthony Man-Cho So , Jose Blanchet , Jiajin Li

Bilevel optimization is a popular two-level hierarchical optimization, which has been widely applied to many machine learning tasks such as hyperparameter learning, meta learning and continual learning. Although many bilevel optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Feihu Huang

Nonconvex optimization problems arise in many areas of computational science and engineering and are (approximately) solved by a variety of algorithms. Existing algorithms usually only have local convergence or subsequence convergence of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-08-21 Yangyang Xu , Wotao Yin

In this paper, we investigate the problem of stochastic multi-level compositional optimization, where the objective function is a composition of multiple smooth but possibly non-convex functions. Existing methods for solving this problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Wei Jiang , Bokun Wang , Yibo Wang , Lijun Zhang , Tianbao Yang

This paper considers nonsmooth convex optimization with either a subgradient or proximal operator oracle. In both settings, we identify algorithms that achieve the recently introduced game-theoretic optimality notion for algorithms known as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Benjamin Grimmer , Alex L. Wang

We review convergence and behavior of stochastic gradient descent for convex and nonconvex optimization, establishing various conditions for convergence to zero of the variance of the gradient of the objective function, and presenting a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-06 Kevin Buck , Jessica Babyak , Paolo Piersanti , Kevin Zumbrun , Christiane Gallos , Dorothea Gallos

This paper studies the complexity of finding approximate stationary points for the smooth nonconvex-strongly-concave (NC-SC) saddle point problem: $\min_x\max_yf(x,y)$. Under the standard first-order smoothness conditions where $f$ is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Nuozhou Wang , Junyu Zhang , Shuzhong Zhang

Understanding the topology of sublevel sets yields crucial insights into the optimization landscape of non-convex functions. If sublevel sets are connected, local search algorithms are less likely to be trapped in isolated valleys,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Vinzenz Thoma , Zebang Shen , Niao He

This paper revisits the Polyak step size schedule for convex optimization problems, proving that a simple variant of it simultaneously attains near optimal convergence rates for the gradient descent algorithm, for all ranges of strong…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-03 Elad Hazan , Sham Kakade

We consider the problem of computing stationary points in min-max optimization, with a particular focus on the special case of computing Nash equilibria in (two-)team zero-sum games. We first show that computing $\epsilon$-Nash equilibria…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ioannis Anagnostides , Ioannis Panageas , Tuomas Sandholm , Jingming Yan

Wide machine learning tasks can be formulated as non-convex multi-player games, where Nash equilibrium (NE) is an acceptable solution to all players, since no one can benefit from changing its strategy unilaterally. Attributed to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Guanpu Chen , Gehui Xu , Fengxiang He , Yiguang Hong , Leszek Rutkowski , Dacheng Tao

The Heavy Ball Method, proposed by Polyak over five decades ago, is a first-order method for optimizing continuous functions. While its stochastic counterpart has proven extremely popular in training deep networks, there are almost no known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jun-Kun Wang , Jacob Abernethy

We consider a variable metric linesearch based proximal gradient method for the minimization of the sum of a smooth, possibly nonconvex function plus a convex, possibly nonsmooth term. We prove convergence of this iterative algorithm to a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Silvia Bonettini , Ignace Loris , Federica Porta , Marco Prato , Simone Rebegoldi

We develop a class of algorithms, as variants of the stochastically controlled stochastic gradient (SCSG) methods (Lei and Jordan, 2016), for the smooth non-convex finite-sum optimization problem. Assuming the smoothness of each component,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Lihua Lei , Cheng Ju , Jianbo Chen , Michael I. Jordan

We consider the non-convex non-concave objective function in two-player zero-sum continuous games. The existence of pure Nash equilibrium requires stringent conditions, posing a major challenge for this problem. To circumvent this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Shihong Ding , Hanze Dong , Cong Fang , Zhouchen Lin , Tong Zhang

In this paper, we study zeroth-order algorithms for nonconvex-concave minimax problems, which have attracted widely attention in machine learning, signal processing and many other fields in recent years. We propose a zeroth-order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Zi Xu , Ziqi Wang , Jingjing Shen , Yuhong Dai

Semi-Infinite Programming (SIP) has emerged as a powerful framework for modeling problems with infinite constraints, however, its theoretical development in the context of nonconvex and large-scale optimization remains limited. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Cody Melcher , Zeinab Alizadeh , Lindsey Hiett , Afrooz Jalilzadeh , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani

In this paper we study a nonconvex-strongly-concave constrained minimax problem. Specifically, we propose a first-order augmented Lagrangian method for solving it, whose subproblems are nonconvex-strongly-concave unconstrained minimax…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Zhaosong Lu , Sanyou Mei

Under mild regularity conditions, gradient-based methods converge globally to a critical point in the single-loss setting. This is known to break down for vanilla gradient descent when moving to multi-loss optimization, but can we hope to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Alistair Letcher

Gradient descent ascent (GDA), the simplest single-loop algorithm for nonconvex minimax optimization, is widely used in practical applications such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and adversarial training. Albeit its desirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Junchi Yang , Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi , Niao He