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Recent applications that arise in machine learning have surged significant interest in solving min-max saddle point games. This problem has been extensively studied in the convex-concave regime for which a global equilibrium solution can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-01 Maher Nouiehed , Maziar Sanjabi , Tianjian Huang , Jason D. Lee , Meisam Razaviyayn

Min-max saddle point games appear in a wide range of applications in machine leaning and signal processing. Despite their wide applicability, theoretical studies are mostly limited to the special convex-concave structure. While some recent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-19 Babak Barazandeh , Meisam Razaviyayn

Lower-bound analyses for nonconvex strongly-concave minimax optimization problems have shown that stochastic first-order algorithms require at least $\mathcal{O}(\varepsilon^{-4})$ oracle complexity to find an $\varepsilon$-stationary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Haoyuan Cai , Sulaiman A. Alghunaim , Ali H. Sayed

This paper focuses on stochastic methods for solving smooth non-convex strongly-concave min-max problems, which have received increasing attention due to their potential applications in deep learning (e.g., deep AUC maximization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Zhishuai Guo , Yan Yan , Zhuoning Yuan , Tianbao Yang

We consider the problem of finding a Nash equilibrium (NE) in a general-sum game, where player $i$'s objective is $f_i(x)=f_i(x_1,...,x_n)$, with $x_j\in\mathbb{R}^{d_j}$ denoting the strategy variables of player $j$. Our focus is on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yutong Chao , Jalal Etesami

Recent applications in machine learning have renewed the interest of the community in min-max optimization problems. While gradient-based optimization methods are widely used to solve such problems, there are however many scenarios where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-15 Sotiris Anagnostidis , Aurelien Lucchi , Youssef Diouane

Stochastic nonconvex-concave min-max saddle point problems appear in many machine learning and control problems including distributionally robust optimization, generative adversarial networks, and adversarial learning. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Morteza Boroun , Zeinab Alizadeh , Afrooz Jalilzadeh

Decentralized minimax optimization has been actively studied in the past few years due to its application in a wide range of machine learning models. However, the current theoretical understanding of its convergence rate is far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yihan Zhang , Wenhao Jiang , Feng Zheng , Chiu C. Tan , Xinghua Shi , Hongchang Gao

In this paper, we consider a class of nonconvex-nonconcave minimax problems, i.e., NC-PL minimax problems, whose objective functions satisfy the Polyak-\L ojasiewicz (PL) condition with respect to the inner variable. We propose a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-30 Zi Xu , Zi-Qi Wang , Jun-Lin Wang , Yu-Hong Dai

The min-max optimization problem, also known as the saddle point problem, is a classical optimization problem which is also studied in the context of zero-sum games. Given a class of objective functions, the goal is to find a value for the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-11 Meisam Razaviyayn , Tianjian Huang , Songtao Lu , Maher Nouiehed , Maziar Sanjabi , Mingyi Hong

This study develops a fixed-time convergent saddle point dynamical system for solving min-max problems under a relaxation of standard convexity-concavity assumption. In particular, it is shown that by leveraging the dynamical systems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-28 Kunal Garg , Mayank Baranwal

In this paper, we study the problem of solving a simple bilevel optimization problem, where the upper-level objective is minimized over the solution set of the lower-level problem. We focus on the general setting in which both the upper-…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Jincheng Cao , Ruichen Jiang , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani , Aryan Mokhtari

Min-max optimization problems involving nonconvex-nonconcave objectives have found important applications in adversarial training and other multi-agent learning settings. Yet, no known gradient descent-based method is guaranteed to converge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Constantinos Daskalakis , Noah Golowich , Stratis Skoulakis , Manolis Zampetakis

Bilevel optimization reveals the inner structure of otherwise oblique optimization problems, such as hyperparameter tuning, neural architecture search, and meta-learning. A common goal in bilevel optimization is to minimize a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Lesi Chen , Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

Minimax optimization recently is widely applied in many machine learning tasks such as generative adversarial networks, robust learning and reinforcement learning. In the paper, we study a class of nonconvex-nonconcave minimax optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Feihu Huang , Chunyu Xuan , Xinrui Wang , Siqi Zhang , Songcan Chen

We contribute the first provable guarantees of global convergence to Nash equilibria (NE) in two-player zero-sum convex Markov games (cMGs) by using independent policy gradient methods. Convex Markov games, recently defined by Gemp et al.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Fivos Kalogiannis , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis , Ian Gemp , Georgios Piliouras

We study convergence of the trajectories of the Heavy Ball dynamical system, with constant damping coefficient, in the framework of convex and non-convex smooth optimization. By using the Polyak-{\L}ojasiewicz condition, we derive new…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-27 Vassilis Apidopoulos , Nicolò Ginatta , Silvia Villa

We study a class of nonconvex-nonconcave minimax problems in which the inner maximization problem satisfies a local Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz (KL) condition that may vary with the outer minimization variable. In contrast to the global KL or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Zhaosong Lu , Xiangyuan Wang

Motivated by recent increased interest in optimization algorithms for non-convex optimization in application to training deep neural networks and other optimization problems in data analysis, we give an overview of recent theoretical…

Many emerging applications - such as adversarial training, AI alignment, and robust optimization - can be framed as zero-sum games between neural nets, with von Neumann-Nash equilibria (NE) capturing the desirable system behavior. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Deep Patel , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis
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