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The symmetries of complex molecular structures can be modeled by the {\em topological symmetry group} of the underlying embedded graph. It is therefore important to understand which topological symmetry groups can be realized by particular…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Kathleen Hake , Blake Mellor , Matthew Pittluck

Conjecturally, almost all graphs are determined by their spectra. This problem has also been studied for variants such as the spectra of the Laplacian and signless Laplacian. Here we consider the problem of determining graphs with Ihara and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-02 Christina Durfee , Kimball Martin

For a 2-category 2C we associate a notion of a principal 2C-bundle. In case of the 2-category of 2-vector spaces in the sense of M.M. Kapranov and V.A. Voevodsky this gives the the 2-vector bundles of N.A. Baas, B.I. Dundas and J. Rognes.…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2008-08-01 Nils. A. Baas , Marcel Bokstedt , Tore August Kro

We make the category BGrb_M of bundle gerbes on a manifold M into a 2-category by providing 2-cells in the form of transformations of bundle gerbe morphisms. This description of BGrb_M as a 2-category is used to define the notion of a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Danny Stevenson

A vertex triple $(u,v,w)$ of a graph is called a $2$-geodesic if $v$ is adjacent to both $u$ and $w$ and $u$ is not adjacent to $w$. A graph is said to be $2$-geodesic transitive if its automorphism group is transitive on the set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-28 Jun-Jie Huang , Yan-Quan Feng , Jin-Xin Zhou , Fu-Gang Yin

Classes of branched surfaces extend the classes of surfaces or 2-dimensional manifolds satisfying suitable properties and defined in various manners. Reeb spaces of smooth maps of suitable classes into surfaces whose codimensions are…

General Topology · Mathematics 2022-08-16 Naoki Kitazawa

In this paper, we continue our study of the class of diagram groups. Simply speaking, a diagram is a labelled plane graph bounded by a pair of paths (the top path and the bottom path). To multiply two diagrams, one simply identifies the top…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Victor Guba , Mark Sapir

This paper is a step towards the complete topological classification of {\Omega}-stable diffeomorphisms on an orientable closed surface, aiming to give necessary and sufficient conditions for two such diffeomorphisms to be topologically…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-08-02 V. Z. Grines , O. V. Pochinka , S. Van Strien

I categorify the definition of fibre bundle, replacing smooth manifolds with differentiable categories, Lie groups with coherent Lie 2-groups, and bundles with a suitable notion of 2-bundle. To link this with previous work, I show that…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Toby Bartels

We make an analogy of Culler-Morgan-Shalen theory. Our main goal is to show that there exists a non-empty system of essential 2-suborbifolds respecting a given splitting of the orbifold fundamental group.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-06-12 Yoshihiro Takeuchi , Misako Yokoyama

Bifurcation with symmetry is considered in the case of an isotropy subgroup with a two-dimensional fixed point subspace and non-zero quadratic terms. In general, there are one or three branches of solutions, and five qualitatively different…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. C. Matthews

The geometric and algebraic properties of Gray categories with duals are investigated by means of a diagrammatic calculus. The diagrams are three-dimensional stratifications of a cube, with regions, surfaces, lines and vertices labelled by…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-09-24 John W. Barrett , Catherine Meusburger , Gregor Schaumann

Twisted diagrams are "diagrams" with components in different categories. Structure maps are defined using auxiliary data which consists of functors relating the various categories to each other. Prime examples of the construction are…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2008-05-28 Thomas Huettemann , Oliver Roendigs

It is proved that association schemes with bipartite basis graphs are exactly 2-schemes. This result follows from a characterization of p-schemes for an arbitrary prime p in terms of basis digraphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-07 Ilia Ponomarenko , Amir Rahnamai Barghi

An edge uv in a graph \Gamma\ is directionally 2-signed (or, (2,d)-signed) by an ordered pair (a,b), a,b in {+,-}, if the label l(uv) = (a,b) from u to v, and l(vu) = (b,a) from v to u. Directionally 2-signed graphs are equivalent to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-18 E. Sampathkumar , M. A. Sriraj , Thomas Zaslavsky

This manuscript recounts some of the author's contributions to algebraic and enumerative combinatorics. We have focused on two types of generalizations of bipartite maps, which are bipartite graphs embedded on surfaces. Maps are known to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Valentin Bonzom

A topology is defined on the mapping class group of a compact connected orientable surface. It is shown that a notion of "genericity" on subsets of the mapping class group arises from this definition. Many plausible results follow from this…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Ingrid Irmer

A maniplex of rank n is a connected, n-valent, edge-coloured graph that generalises abstract polytopes and maps. If the automorphism group of a maniplex M partitions the vertex-set of M into k distinct orbits, we say that M is a k-orbit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-12 Daniel Pellicer , Primož Potočnik , Micael Toledo

We construct a theory of 2-vector bundles over a Lie groupoid, with fibers modeled by the bicategory of super algebras, bimodules and intertwiners. We demonstrate that these 2-vector bundles form a symmetric monoidal 2-stack. From this…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Zhen Huan

Motivated by the concept of well-covered graphs, we define a graph to be well-bicovered if every vertex-maximal bipartite subgraph has the same order (which we call the bipartite number). We first give examples of them, compare them with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Wayne Goddard , Kirsti Kuenzel , Eileen Melville