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Uncertainty estimation in Neural Networks (NNs) is vital in improving reliability and confidence in predictions, particularly in safety-critical applications. Bayesian Neural Networks (BayNNs) with Dropout as an approximation offer a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Soyed Tuhin Ahmed , Kamal Danouchi , Michael Hefenbrock , Guillaume Prenat , Lorena Anghel , Mehdi B. Tahoori

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) provide a formalism to quantify and calibrate uncertainty in deep learning. Current inference approaches for BNNs often resort to few-sample estimation for scalability, which can harm predictive performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Zhe Zeng , Guy Van den Broeck

We introduce a novel combination of Bayesian Models (BMs) and Neural Networks (NNs) for making predictions with a minimum expected risk. Our approach combines the best of both worlds, the data efficiency and interpretability of a BM with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Mathias Löwe , Per Lunnemann Hansen , Sebastian Risi

Quantifying uncertainty in neural networks is a highly relevant problem which is essential to many applications. The two predominant paradigms to tackle this task are Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) and deep ensembles. Despite some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem , Valentin Villecroze , Yixin Wang

As autonomous systems increasingly rely on Deep Neural Networks (DNN) to implement the navigation pipeline functions, uncertainty estimation methods have become paramount for estimating confidence in DNN predictions. Bayesian Deep Learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Fabio Arnez , Ansgar Radermacher , Huascar Espinoza

Bayesian Neural Networks (BayesNNs) have demonstrated their capability of providing calibrated prediction for safety-critical applications such as medical imaging and autonomous driving. However, the high algorithmic complexity and the poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Hongxiang Fan , Hao Chen , Liam Castelli , Zhiqiang Que , He Li , Kenneth Long , Wayne Luk

Providing safety guarantees for autonomous systems is difficult as these systems operate in complex environments that require the use of learning-enabled components, such as deep neural networks (DNNs) for visual perception. DNNs are hard…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Corina Pasareanu , Ravi Mangal , Divya Gopinath , Huafeng Yu

In recent times, neural networks have become a powerful tool for the analysis of complex and abstract data models. However, their introduction intrinsically increases our uncertainty about which features of the analysis are model-related…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-09 Tom Charnock , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur , François Lanusse

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) is the canonical approach for understanding the behavior of physical systems. However, large scale solutions of PDEs using state of the art discretization techniques remains an expensive…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Xiaoxuan Zhang , Krishna Garikipati

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in perception systems for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving and robotics. However, DNNs remain vulnerable to various safety concerns, including generalization errors,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Schotschneider , Svetlana Pavlitska , J. Marius Zöllner

Early-exit neural networks (EENNs) enable adaptive and efficient inference by providing predictions at multiple stages during the forward pass. In safety-critical applications, these predictions are meaningful only when accompanied by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Metod Jazbec , Patrick Forré , Stephan Mandt , Dan Zhang , Eric Nalisnick

Ensemble learning is a technique where multiple component learners are combined through a protocol. We propose an Ensemble Neural Network (ENN) that uses the combined latent-feature space of multiple neural network classifiers to improve…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-06 Jack Y. Araz , Michael Spannowsky

Accurate parking availability prediction is critical for intelligent transportation systems, but real-world deployments often face data sparsity, noise, and unpredictable changes. Addressing these challenges requires models that are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Alireza Nezhadettehad , Arkady Zaslavsky , Abdur Rakib , Seng W. Loke

We consider the problem of computing reach-avoid probabilities for iterative predictions made with Bayesian neural network (BNN) models. Specifically, we leverage bound propagation techniques and backward recursion to compute lower bounds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Matthew Wicker , Luca Laurenti , Andrea Patane , Nicola Paoletti , Alessandro Abate , Marta Kwiatkowska

Neural networks are powerful tools for data-driven modeling of complex dynamical systems, enhancing predictive capability for control applications. However, their inherent nonlinearity and black-box nature challenge control designs that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Xiao Li , Tianhao Wei , Changliu Liu , Anouck Girard , Ilya Kolmanovsky

Neural network potentials (NNPs) combine the computational efficiency of classical interatomic potentials with the high accuracy and flexibility of the ab initio methods used to create the training set, but can also result in unphysical…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-01-24 Leonid Kahle , Federico Zipoli

This paper describes and discusses Bayesian Neural Network (BNN). The paper showcases a few different applications of them for classification and regression problems. BNNs are comprised of a Probabilistic Model and a Neural Network. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Vikram Mullachery , Aniruddh Khera , Amir Husain

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) allow rigorous uncertainty quantification in deep learning, but often come at a prohibitive computational cost. We propose three different innovative architectures of partial trace-class Bayesian neural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Arran Carter , Torben Sell

Uncertainty in decision-making is crucial in the machine learning model used for a safety-critical system that operates in the real world. Therefore, it is important to handle uncertainty in a graceful manner for the safe operation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Akash Fogla , Kanish Kumar , Sunnay Saurav , Bishnu ramanujan

We present an algorithm for model-based reinforcement learning that combines Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) with random roll-outs and stochastic optimization for policy learning. The BNNs are trained by minimizing $\alpha$-divergences,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-09 Stefan Depeweg , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Finale Doshi-Velez , Steffen Udluft