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In nature, the process of cellular growth and differentiation has lead to an amazing diversity of organisms -- algae, starfish, giant sequoia, tardigrades, and orcas are all created by the same generative process. Inspired by the incredible…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Rasmus Berg Palm , Miguel González-Duque , Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

We report a new system of artificial life called Lenia (from Latin lenis "smooth"), a two-dimensional cellular automaton with continuous space-time-state and generalized local rule. Computer simulations show that Lenia supports a great…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2021-07-12 Bert Wang-Chak Chan

Can we quantify the change of complexity throughout evolutionary processes? We attempt to address this question through an empirical approach. In very general terms, we simulate two simple organisms on a computer that compete over limited…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Alyssa Adams , Hector Zenil , Eduardo Hermo Reyes , Joost Joosten

We study the predictability of emergent phenomena in complex systems. Using nearest neighbor, one-dimensional Cellular Automata (CA) as an example, we show how to construct local coarse-grained descriptions of CA in all classes of Wolfram's…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-06-26 Navot Israeli , Nigel Goldenfeld

We derive a set of algorithms for simulating the diffusion-limited growth of faceted crystals using local cellular automata. This technique has been shown to work well in reproducing realistic crystal morphologies, and the present work…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-07-17 Kenneth G. Libbrecht

In this paper we study the emergence of homeostasis in a two-layer system of the Game of Life, in which the Game of Life in the first layer couples with another system of cellular automata in the second layer. Homeostasis is defined here as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Keisuke Suzuki , Takashi Ikegami

Two-dimensional nine neighbor hood rectangular Cellular Automata rules can be modeled using many different techniques like Rule matrices, State Transition Diagrams, Boolean functions, Algebraic Normal Form etc. In this paper, a new model is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-02-28 Birendra Kumar Nayak , Sudhakar Sahoo , Sushant Kumar Rout

Computing the configuration of any one-dimensional cellular automaton at generation $n$ can be accelerated by constructing and running a composite rule with a radius proportional to $\log n$. The new automaton is the original one, but with…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Joseph Natal , Oleksiy Al-saadi

Neural Cellular Automata (NCAs) are bio-inspired dynamical systems in which identical cells iteratively apply a learned local update rule to self-organize into complex patterns, exhibiting regeneration, robustness, and spontaneous dynamics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ehsan Pajouheshgar , Yitao Xu , Ali Abbasi , Alexander Mordvintsev , Wenzel Jakob , Sabine Süsstrunk

This paper shows how to determine all the unidimensional two-state cellular automaton rules of a given number of inputs which conserve the number of active sites. These rules have to satisfy a necessary and sufficient condition. If the…

adap-org · Physics 2009-10-30 Nino Boccara , Henryk Fuks

Here I describe a view of the evolution of cellular automata that allows to operate on larger structures. Instead of calculating the next state of all cells in one step, the method here developed uses a time slice that can proceed at…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2010-07-20 Markus Redeker

A mutualism is an interaction where the involved species benefit from each other. We study a two-dimensional hexagonal three-state cellular automaton model of a two-species mutualistic system. The simple model is characterized by four…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2010-11-23 Andrew Adamatzky , Martin Grube

How do cellular automata behave in the limit of a very large number of cells? Is there a continuum limit with simple properties? We attack this problem by mapping certain classes of automata to quantum field theories for which powerful…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2022-12-08 C. Wetterich

In this paper we study the dynamics of 1- and 2- dimensional cellular automata, using a 2-adic representation of the states, we give a simple graphical technique for finding periodic solutions. We also study the continuity properties of the…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-07-06 Xu Xu , Yi Song , Stephen P. Banks

We introduce a new framework for constructing topological quantum memories, by recasting error recovery as a dynamical process on a field generating cellular automaton. We envisage quantum systems controlled by a classical hardware composed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Michael Herold , Earl T. Campbell , Jens Eisert , Michael J. Kastoryano

Cellular automata are a class of computational models based on simple rules and algorithms that can simulate a wide range of complex phenomena. However, when using conventional computers, these 'simple' rules are only encapsulated at the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Gordon H. Y. Li , Christian R. Leefmans , James Williams , Alireza Marandi

Computational power can be measured by assigning an algebraic structure to a computational device. Here, we convert a small patch of Conway's Game of Life into a transformation semigroup. The conversion captures not only time evolution but…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2026-04-17 Attila Egri-Nagy , Chrystopher L. Nehaniv

Fungal simulation and control are considered crucial techniques in Bio-Art creation. However, coding algorithms for reliable fungal simulations have posed significant challenges for artists. This study equates fungal morphology simulation…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Kexin Wang , Ivy He , Jinke Li , Ali Asadipour , Yitong Sun

In the present work, a geometrical method to generate a two dimensional random walk by means of a bidimensional Cellular Automaton is presented. We illustrate it by means of Conway's Game of Life with periodical borders, with a large…

Cellular automata are a set of computational models in discrete space that have a discrete time evolution defined by neighbourhood rules. They are used to simulate many complex systems in physics and science in general. In this work,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-05-12 Luca Bertolani , Andrea Idini