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Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating samples from unknown data distributions. Most popular stochastic differential equation-based diffusion models perturb the target distribution by adding Gaussian noise,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 Wenpin Tang , Nizar Touzi , Zikun Zhang , Xun Yu Zhou

We demonstrate that continuous time random walks in which successive waiting times are correlated by Gaussian statistics lead to anomalous diffusion with mean squared displacement <r^2(t)>~t^{2/3}. Long-ranged correlations of the waiting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Vincent Tejedor , Ralf Metzler

This paper investigates the problem of Gaussian approximation for the wireless multi-access interference distribution in large spatial wireless networks. First, a principled methodology is presented to establish rates of convergence of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Hazer Inaltekin

This paper investigates the approximation of Gaussian random variables in Banach spaces, focusing on the high-probability bounds for the approximation of Gaussian random variables using finitely many observations. We derive non-asymptotic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Daniel Winkle , Ingo Steinwart , Bernard Haasdonk

Fractional Brownian motion is a Gaussian stochastic process with long-range correlations in time; it has been shown to be a useful model of anomalous diffusion. Here, we investigate the effects of mutual interactions in an ensemble of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-15 Jonathan House , Rashad Bakhshizada , Skirmantas Janušonis , Ralf Metzler , Thomas Vojta

A notorious problem in queueing theory is to compute the worst possible performance of the GI/G/1 queue under mean-dispersion constraints for the interarrival and service time distributions. We address this extremal queue problem by…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-16 Wouter van Eekelen , Dick den Hertog , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden

In recent years, several experiments highlighted a new type of diffusion anomaly, which was called Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion. In systems displaying this behavior, the mean squared displacement of the diffusing particles grows…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-01 Adrian Pacheco-Pozo , Igor M. Sokolov

A computational strategy based on large deviation theory (LDT) is used to study the anomalous statistical features of turbulent surface waves propagating past an abrupt depth change created via a step in the bottom topography. The dynamics…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-12 Di Qi , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Diffusion models (DMs) have emerged as a powerful class of generative AI models, showing remarkable potential in anomaly detection (AD) tasks across various domains, such as cybersecurity, fraud detection, healthcare, and manufacturing. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Jing Liu , Zhenchao Ma , Zepu Wang , Chenxuanyin Zou , Jiayang Ren , Zehua Wang , Liang Song , Bo Hu , Yang Liu , Victor C. M. Leung

In a very long Gaussian polymer on time scales shorter that the maximal relaxation time, the mean squared distance travelled by a tagged monomer grows as ~t^{1/2}. We analyze such sub-diffusive behavior in the presence of one or two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-11-10 Yacov Kantor , Mehran Kardar

Anomalous diffusion, process in which the mean-squared displacement of system states is a non-linear function of time, is usually identified in real stochastic processes by comparing experimental and theoretical displacements at relatively…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-05-29 Serge F. Timashev , Yuriy S. Polyakov , Pavel I. Misurkin , Sergey G. Lakeev

Dynamical systems driven by nonlinear delay SDEs with small noise can exhibit important rare events on long timescales. When there is no delay, classical large deviations theory quantifies rare events such as escapes from metastable fixed…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-04 Robert Azencott , Brett Geiger , William Ott

A large deviation principle is established for a two-scale stochastic system in which the slow component is a continuous process given by a small noise finite dimensional It\^{o} stochastic differential equation, and the fast component is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-09 Amarjit Budhiraja , Paul Dupuis , Arnab Ganguly

The problem of sums of independent, identically distributed random variables with stretched-exponential tails exhibits a dynamical phase transition and has recently reemerged in the context of active transport and condensation phenomena. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-11 Alberto Bassanoni , Omer Hamdi

We revisit the problem of diffusion in a driven system consisting of an inertial Brownian particle moving in a symmetric periodic potential and subjected to a symmetric time-periodic force. We reveal parameter domains in which diffusion is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-23 I. G. Marchenko , A. Zhiglo , V. Aksenova , V. Tkachenko , I. I. Marchenko , J. Łuczka , J. Spiechowicz

Individual random trajectories of stochastic processes are often analyzed by using quadratic forms such as time averaged (TA) mean square displacement (MSD) or velocity auto-correlation function (VACF). The appropriate quadratic form is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-03 D. S. Grebenkov

The position $x(t)$ of a particle diffusing in a one-dimensional uncorrelated and time dependent random medium is simply Gaussian distributed in the typical direction, i.e. along the ray $x=v_0 t$, where $v_0$ is the average drift. However,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-05 Guillaume Barraquand , Pierre Le Doussal

Generative models based on diffusion have become the state of the art in the last few years, notably for image generation. Here, we analyse them in the high-dimensional limit, where data are formed by a very large number of variables. We…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-10-31 Giulio Biroli , Marc Mézard

We show that anomalous diffusion can result when the steps of a random walk are not statistically independent. We present an algorithm that counts all the possible paths of particles diffusing on random graphs with arbitrary degree…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph Snider , Clare C. Yu

A large variety of problems in statistical physics use a Gaussian distribution as a starting point. For the problem of intermittency in fluid turbulence, the Gaussian approximation is not a useful beginning. We find that the Cramer's rate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-04 Jayanta Kumar Bhattacharjee , Sagar Chakraborty , Arnab Saha