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Related papers: Countering Selfish Mining in Blockchains

200 papers

Mining attacks enable an adversary to procure a disproportionately large portion of mining rewards by deviating from honest mining practices within the PoW-based blockchain system. In this paper, we demonstrate that the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Junjie Hu , Na Ruan

Blockchain protocols incentivize participation through monetary rewards, assuming rational actors behave honestly to maximize their gains. However, attackers may attempt to harm others even at personal cost. These denial of profit attacks…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Arian Baloochestani , Leander Jehl

It has been known for some time that the Nakamoto consensus as implemented in the Bitcoin protocol is not totally aligned with the individual interests of the participants. More precisely, it has been shown that block withholding mining…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Cyril Grunspan , Ricardo Perez-Marco

Conventional double-spending attack models ignore the revenue losses stemming from the orphan blocks. On the other hand, selfish mining literature usually ignores the chance of the attacker to double-spend at no-cost in each attack cycle.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Mustafa Doger , Sennur Ulukus

Financial fraud cases are on the rise even with the current technological advancements. Due to the lack of inter-organization synergy and because of privacy concerns, authentic financial transaction data is rarely available. On the other…

Cryptocurrencies have gained popularity due to their transparency, security, and accessibility compared to traditional financial systems, with Bitcoin, introduced in 2009, leading the market. Bitcoin's security relies on blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dinitha Wijewardhana , Sugandima Vidanagamachchi , Nalin Arachchilage

Mining fairness in blockchain refers to equality between the computational resources invested in mining and the block rewards received. There exists a dilemma wherein increasing the transaction processing capacity of a blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Akira Sakurai , Kazuyuki Shudo

Mining is the important part of the blockchain used the proof of work (PoW) on its consensus, looking for the matching block through testing a number of hash calculations. In order to attract more hash computing power, the miner who finds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Muchuang Hu , Jiahui Chen , Wensheng Gan , Chien-Ming Chen

Selfish Mining is strategic rule-breaking to maximize rewards in proof-of-work protocols [3] and Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are the preferred tool for finding optimal strategies in Bitcoin [4, 10] and similar linear chain protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Patrik Keller

Bitcoin mining presents a significant economic incentive for efficient hashing and broadcast of data, both parameters stemming from the Proofs of Work used to advance the network. This incentive has led to the development of Bitcoin…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-17 Jonathan Harvey-Buschel , Can Kisagun

In blockchain-based order book systems, buyers and sellers trade assets, while it is miners to match them and include their transactions in the blockchain. It is found that many miners behave selfishly and myopically, prioritizing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Yunshu Liu , Lingjie Duan

In the context of the `selfish-mine' strategy proposed by Eyal and Sirer, we study the effect of propagation delay on the evolution of the Bitcoin blockchain. First, we use a simplified Markov model that tracks the contrasting states of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Johannes Göbel , Paul Keeler , Anthony E. Krzesinski , Peter G. Taylor

We study the incentives behind double-spend attacks on Nakamoto-style Proof-of-Work cryptocurrencies. In these systems, miners are allowed to choose which transactions to reference with their block, and a common strategy for selecting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Yanni Georghiades , Rajesh Mishra , Karl Kreder , Sriram Vishwanath

We analyze Qubic's publicly claimed selfish mining attack against Monero in 2025. By combining measurements from Monero nodes, the Qubic pool API, and Qubic-network observations, we reconstruct Qubic-attributed blocks and effective hashrate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Suhyeon Lee , Hyeongyeong Kim

The arisen of Bitcoin has led to much enthusiasm for blockchain research and block mining, and the extensive existence of mining pools helps its participants (i.e., miners) gain reward more frequently. Recently, the mining pools are proved…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Zhihuai Chen , Bo Li , Xiaohan Shan , Xiaoming Sun , Jialin Zhang

Bitcoin-NG, a scalable blockchain protocol, divides each block into a key block and many micro blocks to effectively improve the transaction processing capacity. Bitcoin-NG has a special incentive mechanism (i.e. splitting transaction fees…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Taotao Wang , Xiaoqian Bai , Hao Wang , Soung Chang Liew , Shengli Zhang

In this paper, we systematically explore the attack surface of the Blockchain technology, with an emphasis on public Blockchains. Towards this goal, we attribute attack viability in the attack surface to 1) the Blockchain cryptographic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Muhammad Saad , Jeffrey Spaulding , Laurent Njilla , Charles Kamhoua , Sachin Shetty , DaeHun Nyang , Aziz Mohaisen

We describe and analyze perishing mining, a novel block-withholding mining strategy that lures profit-driven miners away from doing useful work on the public chain by releasing block headers from a privately maintained chain. We then…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Tong Cao , Jérémie Decouchant , Jiangshan Yu

Incentive mechanisms are central to the functionality of permissionless blockchains: they incentivize participants to run and secure the underlying consensus protocol. Designing incentive-compatible incentive mechanisms is notoriously…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Charlie Hou , Mingxun Zhou , Yan Ji , Phil Daian , Florian Tramer , Giulia Fanti , Ari Juels

Cryptographic Self-Selection is a common primitive underlying leader-selection for Proof-of-Stake blockchain protocols. The concept was first popularized in Algorand [CM19], who also observed that the protocol might be manipulable. [FHWY22]…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Linda Cai , Jingyi Liu , S. Matthew Weinberg , Chenghan Zhou