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We extend Latimer and MacDuffee's theorem to a general commutative domain and apply this result to study similarity of matrices over integral rings of number fields. We also conjecture similarity over discrete valuation rings can be descent…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Ziyang Zhu

We study the problem of characterizing polynomial vector fields that commute with a given polynomial vector field on a plane. It is a classical result that one can write down solution formulas for an ODE that corresponds to a planar vector…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Joel Nagloo , Alexey Ovchinnikov , Peter Thompson

We introduce the notion of differential largeness for fields equipped with several commuting derivations (as an analogue to largeness of fields). We lay out the foundations of this new class of "tame" differential fields. We state several…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Omar León Sánchez , Marcus Tressl

The centralizer algebra of a matrix consists of those matrices that commute with it. We investigate the basic representation-theoretic invariants of centralizer algebras, namely their radicals, projective indecomposable modules, injective…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2010-12-22 Umesh V. Dubey , Amritanshu Prasad , Pooja Singla

We show that the Euclidean distance degree of a real orthogonally invariant matrix variety equals the Euclidean distance degree of its restriction to diagonal matrices. We illustrate how this result can greatly simplify calculations in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-01-28 Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Hon-Leung Lee , Giorgio Ottaviani , Rekha R. Thomas

Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices and $D(G)$ its distance matrix. The formula for computing the determinant of this matrix in terms of the number of vertices is known when the graph is either a tree or {a} unicyclic graph. In…

This paper investigates the geometric properties of a special case of the two-sided system given by $2 \times 2$ tropical commuting constraints. Given a finite matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{2\times 2}$, the paper studies the extremals of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Yangxinyu Xie

We characterize derivations and 2-local derivations from $M_{n}(\mathcal{A})$ into $M_{n}(\mathcal{M})$, $n \ge 2$, where $\mathcal{A}$ is a unital algebra over $\mathbb{C}$ and $\mathcal{M}$ is a unital $\mathcal{A}$-bimodule. We show that…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-01-29 Wenbo Huang , Jiankui Li , Wenhua Qian

For a group $G$ and a subset $X$ of $G$, the commuting graph of $X$, denoted by $\Gamma(G,X)$ is the graph whose vertex set is $X$ and any two vertices $u$ and $v$ in $X$ are adjacent if and only if they commute in $G$. In this article,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-12 Vipul Kakkar , Gopal Singh Rawat

We expand our previously founded basic theory of equiresidual algebraic geometry over an arbitrary commutative field, to a well-behaved theory of (equiresidual) algebraic varieties over a commutative field, thanks to the generalisation of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-03-17 Jean Barbet-Berthet

We prove upper and lower bounds on the number of pairs of commuting $n\times n$ matrices with integer entries in $[-T,T]$, as $T\to \infty$. Our work uses Fourier analysis and leads us to an analysis of exponential sums involving matrices…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Tim Browning , Will Sawin , Victor Y. Wang

Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) is a classic technique that seeks vectorial representations for data points, given the pairwise distances between them. However, in recent years, data are usually collected from diverse sources or have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Song Bai , Xiang Bai , Longin Jan Latecki , Qi Tian

For every natural number $m$, the existentially closed models of the theory of fields with $m$ commuting derivations can be given a first-order geometric characterization in several ways. In particular, the theory of these differential…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-01-04 David Pierce

We review the relations between distance matrices and isometric embeddings and give simple proofs that distance matrices defined on euclidean and spherical spaces have all eigenvalues except one non-negative. Several generalizations are…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-10-11 E. Bogomolny , O. Bohigas , C. Schmit

We show how the Riemannian distance on $\mathbb{S}^n_{++}$, the cone of $n\times n$ real symmetric or complex Hermitian positive definite matrices, may be used to naturally define a distance between two such matrices of different…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-06 Lek-Heng Lim , Rodolphe Sepulchre , Ke Ye

This work provides a unified formalism for studying difference and (Hasse-) differential algebraic geometry, by introducing a theory of "iterative Hasse rings and schemes". As an application, Hasse jet spaces are constructed generally,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Rahim Moosa , Thomas Scanlon

We define a concept which we call multiplicity. First, multiplicity of a morphism is defined. Then the multiplicity of an object over another object is defined to be the minimum of the multiplicities of all morphisms from one to another.…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Kouki Taniyama

Coorbit spaces provide a rigorous framework for the assessment of the approximation theoretic properties of generalized wavelet systems. It is therefore useful to understand when two different wavelet systems give rise to the same scales of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Noufal Asharaf , Hartmut Führ , Vaishakh Jayaprakash

A distinguished variety is a variety that exits the bidisk through the distinguished boundary. We show that Ando's inequality for commuting matrix contractions can be sharpened to looking at the maximum modulus on a distinguished variety,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jim Agler , John McCarthy

We show that large subsets of vector spaces over finite fields determine certain point configurations with prescribed distance structure. More specifically, we consider the complete graph with vertices as the points of $A \subseteq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Alex Iosevich , Hans Parshall