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Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) offer a unique opportunity to create a flexible platform, akin to electronic field programmable gate array (FPGA). These photonic PGAs can implement versatile functionalities for applications…

Reconfigurability of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) has become increasingly important due to the growing demands for electronic-photonic systems on a chip driven by emerging applications, including neuromorphic computing, quantum…

The on-chip photonic switch is a critical building block for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and the integration of phase change materials (PCMs) enables non-volatile switch designs that are compact, low-loss, and energy-efficient.…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-05 Khoi Phuong Dao , Juejun Hu , Richard Soref

The unique optical properties of phase change materials (PCMs) can be exploited to develop efficient reconfigurable photonic devices. Here, we design, model, and compare the performance of programmable 1X2 optical couplers based on:…

High-performance programmable silicon photonic circuits are considered to be a critical part of next generation architectures for optical processing, photonic quantum circuits and neural networks. Low-loss optical phase change materials…

Phase change materials (PCMs) have long been used as a storage medium in rewritable compact disk and later in random access memory. In recent years, the integration of PCMs with nanophotonic structures has introduced a new paradigm for…

Programmable and reconfigurable optics hold significant potential for transforming a broad spectrum of applications, spanning space explorations to biomedical imaging, gas sensing, and optical cloaking. The ability to adjust the optical…

Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have recently gained significant interest due to their potential in creating next-generation technologies ranging from artificial neural networks and microwave photonics to quantum…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-06-03 Rui Chen , Zhuoran Fang , Johannes E. Fröch , Peipeng Xu , Jiajiu Zheng , Arka Majumdar

The rapid rise of artificial intelligence, and in-memory computing has reinvigorated research on scalable, energy-efficient, and reconfigurable photonic hardware. Non-volatile phase-change materials (PCMs) are attractive, as they offer…

Phase-change materials (PCMs)-based integrated photonic memory offers a viable pathway for the development of neuromorphic computing chip. The sizable optical contrast in the telecom band between amorphous and crystalline phases of PCM, in…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-12 Xueyang Shen , Ruixuan Chu , Ding Xu , Yuan Gao , Wen Zhou , Wei Zhang

Compact, non-volatile optical switches on silicon platforms are essential for reconfigurable photonics, but the strong anisotropy of silicon waveguides leads to polarization-dependent performance. In this paper, we propose a…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-29 Fangfa Bao , Jiakai Ruan , Weijia Li , Wei Zhang , Guoxiang Wang , Xiang Shen , Yixiao Gao

Energy-efficient programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are the cornerstone of on-chip classical and quantum optical technologies. Optical phase shifters constitute the fundamental building blocks which enable these programmable…

Programmable photonic integrated circuits are expected to play an increasingly important role to enable high-bandwidth optical interconnects, and large-scale in-memory computing as needed to support the rise of artificial intelligence and…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-11 Jayita Dutta , Rui Chen , Virat Tara , Arka MAjumdar

Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are the foundation of on-chip optical technologies with the optical modulators being one of the main building blocks of such programmable PICs. However, most of the available modulators…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-19 Jacek Gosciniak

A novel technique is presented for realising programmable silicon photonic circuits. Once the proposed photonic circuit is programmed, its routing is retained without the need for additional power consumption. This technology enables a…

Chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) offer new paradigms for programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) thanks to their zero static energy and significant refractive index contrast. However, prototypical PCMs, such as GeSbTe…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-15 Rui Chen , Virat Tara , Jayita Dutta , Zhuoran Fang , Jiajiu Zheng , Arka Majumdar

Adaptable, reconfigurable and programmable are key functionalities for the next generation of silicon-based photonic processors, neural and quantum networks. Phase change technology offers proven non-volatile electronic programmability,…

Reconfigurable photonic devices are rapidly emerging as a cornerstone of next generation optical technologies, with wide ranging applications in quantum simulation, neuromorphic computing, and large-scale photonic processors. A central…

Phase changing materials (PCM) are widely used for optical data recording, sensing, all-optical switching, and optical limiting. Our focus here is on the case when the change in the transmission characteristics of the optical material is…

Optics · Physics 2018-01-10 Roney Thomas , Fred M. Ellis , Ilya Vitebsky , Tsampikos Kottos

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have the potential to drastically expand the capabilities of optical communications, sensing, and quantum information science and engineering. However, PICs are commonly fabricated using selective…

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