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Because of their high photon flux, X-ray free-electron lasers (FEL) allow to resolve the structure of individual nanoparticles via coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) within a single X-ray pulse. Since the inevitable rapid destruction of the…
Recovery of three-dimensional structure from single particle X-ray scattering of completely randomly oriented diffraction patterns as predicted few decades back has been real due to the advent of the new emerging X-ray Free Electron Laser…
We present an alternative numerical reconstruction algorithm for direct tomographic reconstruction of a sample refractive indices from the measured intensities of its far-field coherent diffraction patterns. We formulate the well-known…
Simultaneous imaging of fluorescence-labeled and label-free phase objects in the same sample provides distinct and complementary information. Most multimodal fluorescence-phase imaging operates in transmission mode, capturing fluorescence…
By circumventing the resolution limitations of optics, coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) and ptychography are making their way into scientific fields ranging from X-ray imaging to astronomy. Yet, the need for time consuming iterative phase…
Optical imaging plays a critical role in advancing our understanding of three dimensional dynamics of biological systems. Coherent imaging (CI) methods exploit spatial phase information, encoded through propagation of coherent signal light…
We demonstrate high-resolution non-iterative holographic coherent diffraction imaging with hard X-rays using a novel phase-shifting reference, fabricated by atomic layer deposition to produce nanosharp 3D structure. The method surpasses the…
Capturing the 3D geometry of transparent objects is a challenging task, ill-suited for general-purpose scanning and reconstruction techniques, since these cannot handle specular light transport phenomena. Existing state-of-the-art methods,…
This paper provides a tutorial of iterative phase retrieval algorithms based on the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm applied in digital holography. In addition, a novel GS-based algorithm that allows reconstruction of 3D samples is…
DNA and proteins are chiral: their three-dimensional structure cannot be superimposed with its mirror image. Circular dichroism spectroscopy is widely used to characterize chiral compounds, but data interpretation is difficult in the case…
Single-shot X-ray imaging of short-lived nanostructures such as clusters and nanoparticles near a phase transition or non-crystalizing objects such as large proteins and viruses is currently the most elegant method for characterizing their…
To obtain spatial information about an arbitrary object in x-ray structure analysis, the standard method is to measure the intensity in the far field, i.e., the first-order photon correlation function of the coherently scattered x-ray…
Single-shot wide-angle diffraction imaging is a widely used method to investigate the structure of non-crystallizing objects such as nanoclusters, large proteins or even viruses. Its main advantage is that information about the…
A structural understanding of whole cells in three dimensions at high spatial resolution remains a significant challenge and, in the case of X-rays, has been limited by radiation damage. By alleviating this limitation, cryogenic coherent…
It is demonstrated that an object distribution can be successfully retrieved from its diffraction pattern or hologram, even if some of the measured intensity samples are missing. The maximum allowable number of missing values depends on the…
We present a reconstruction technique for simultaneous retrieval of absorption and phase shifting properties of an object recorded by in-line holography. The routine is experimentally tested by applying it to optical holograms of a pure…
In some super-resolution techniques, adjacent points are illuminated at different times. Thereby, their locations and light intensities can be detected even if the images are very blurred due to diffraction. According to conventional…
Signal recovery from nonlinear measurements involves solving an iterative optimization problem. In this paper, we present a framework to optimize the sensing parameters to improve the quality of the signal recovered by the given iterative…
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) offer unique capabilities for measuring the structure and dynamics of biomolecules, helping us understand the basic building blocks of life. Notably, high-repetition-rate XFELs enable single particle…
Coherent Diffractive Imaging is a lensless technique that allows imaging of matter at a spatial resolution not limited by lens aberrations. This technique exploits the measured diffraction pattern of a coherent beam scattered by periodic…