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Principal component analysis (PCA) is a longstanding and well-studied approach for dimension reduction. It rests upon the assumption that the underlying signal in the data has low rank, and thus can be well-summarized using a small number…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-14 Ronan Perry , Snigdha Panigrahi , Jacob Bien , Daniela Witten

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) finds a linear mapping and maximizes the variance of the data which makes PCA sensitive to outliers and may cause wrong eigendirection. In this paper, we propose techniques to solve this problem; we use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Peratham Wiriyathammabhum , Boonserm Kijsirikul

We propose a multiple imputation method based on principal component analysis (PCA) to deal with incomplete continuous data. To reflect the uncertainty of the parameters from one imputation to the next, we use a Bayesian treatment of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-20 Vincent Audigier , François Husson , Julie Josse

We consider the Principal Component Analysis problem for large tensors of arbitrary order $k$ under a single-spike (or rank-one plus noise) model. On the one hand, we use information theory, and recent results in probability theory, to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-06 Andrea Montanari , Emile Richard

We consider estimation of large approximate factor models in high-dimensional panels of stationary time series using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We review the key results establishing the necessary and sufficient conditions for…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-13 Matteo Barigozzi

This article establishes a new and comprehensive estimation and inference theory for principal component analysis (PCA) under the weak factor model that allow for cross-sectional dependent idiosyncratic components under the nearly minimal…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-02 Jianqing Fan , Yuling Yan , Yuheng Zheng

Principal components analysis (PCA) is a classical method for the reduction of dimensionality of data in the form of n observations (or cases) of a vector with p variables. For a simple model of factor analysis type, it is proved that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-01-29 Iain M Johnstone , Arthur Yu Lu

The principal component analysis (PCA) is a staple statistical and unsupervised machine learning technique in finance. The application of PCA in a financial setting is associated with several technical difficulties, such as numerical…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-31 Paul Bilokon , David Finkelstein

Recently popularized randomized methods for principal component analysis (PCA) efficiently and reliably produce nearly optimal accuracy --- even on parallel processors --- unlike the classical (deterministic) alternatives. We adapt one of…

Computation · Statistics 2011-12-23 Nathan Halko , Per-Gunnar Martinsson , Yoel Shkolnisky , Mark Tygert

This paper proposes a new method and algorithm for predicting multivariate responses in a regression setting. Research into classification of High Dimension Low Sample Size (HDLSS) data, in particular microarray data, has made considerable…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-07-28 Inge Koch , Kanta Naito

We provide a remedy for two concerns that have dogged the use of principal components in regression: (i) principal components are computed from the predictors alone and do not make apparent use of the response, and (ii) principal components…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-06-23 R. Dennis Cook , Liliana Forzani

In this paper, we develop new statistical theory for probabilistic principal component analysis models in high dimensions. The focus is the estimation of the noise variance, which is an important and unresolved issue when the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-23 Damien Passemier , Zhaoyuan Li , Jian-Feng Yao

Data collection often results in records that have missing values or variables. This investigation compares 3 different data imputation models and identifies their merits by using accuracy measures. Autoencoder Neural Networks, Principal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-09-18 Vukosi N. Marivate , Fulufhelo V. Nelwamodo , Tshilidzi Marwala

In recent years, there has been a significant growth in research focusing on minimum $\ell_2$ norm (ridgeless) interpolation least squares estimators. However, the majority of these analyses have been limited to an unrealistic regression…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Sungyoon Lee , Sokbae Lee

We study semiparametric factor models in high-dimensional panels where the factor loadings consist of a nonparametric component explained by observed covariates and an idiosyncratic component capturing unobserved heterogeneity. A key…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-09 Sijie Zheng

Principal component analysis (PCA) is by far the most widespread tool for unsupervised learning with high-dimensional data sets. Its application is popularly studied for the purpose of exploratory data analysis and online process…

Applications · Statistics 2019-02-12 Stefania Russo , Guangyu Li , Kris Villez

An adaptive nonparametric estimation procedure is constructed for heteroscedastic regression when the noise variance depends on the unknown regression. A non-asymptotic upper bound for a quadratic risk (oracle inequality) is obtained

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-02-09 Leonid Galtchouk , Serguei Pergamenchtchikov

We study the fundamental problem of Principal Component Analysis in a statistical distributed setting in which each machine out of $m$ stores a sample of $n$ points sampled i.i.d. from a single unknown distribution. We study algorithms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Dan Garber , Ohad Shamir , Nathan Srebro

We investigate the theoretical performances of the Partial Least Square (PLS) algorithm in a high dimensional context. We provide upper bounds on the risk in prediction for the statistical linear model when considering the PLS estimator.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Luca Castelli , Irène Gannaz , Clément Marteau

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used technique for data analysis and dimension reduction with numerous applications in science and engineering. However, the standard PCA suffers from the fact that the principal components…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-07-14 Zhaosong Lu , Yong Zhang