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Natural numbers from 0 to 11111 are written in terms of 1 to 9 in two different ways. The first one in increasing order of 1 to 9, and the second one in decreasing order. This is done by using the operations of addition, multiplication,…
There are numerous ways to represent real numbers. We may use, e.g., Cauchy sequences, Dedekind cuts, numerical base-10 expansions, numerical base-2 expansions and continued fractions. If we work with full Turing computability, all these…
We study the computational complexity of converting one representation of real numbers into another representation. Typical examples of representations are Cauchy sequences, base-10 expansions, Dedekind cuts and continued fractions.
Weird numbers are abundant numbers that are not pseudoperfect. Since their introduction, the existence of odd weird numbers has been an open problem. In this work, we describe our computational effort to search for odd weird numbers, which…
Experimental mathematics is an experimental approach to mathematics in which programming and symbolic computation are used to investigate mathematical objects, identify properties and patterns, discover facts and formulas and even…
Over the last decade, Sudoku, a combinatorial number-placement puzzle, has become a favorite pastimes of many all around the world. In this puzzle, the task is to complete a partially filled $9 \times 9$ square with numbers 1 through 9,…
Prime numbers are one of the most intriguing figures in mathematics. Despite centuries of research, many questions remain still unsolved. In recent years, computer simulations are playing a fundamental role in the study of an immense…
Surreal numbers are created recursively, with the "birthday" being the depth of the recursion. Birthday arithmetic describes how birthdays of surreal numbers are transformed by standard arithemetic operations. This paper shows that birthday…
Over 300 sequences and many unsolved problems and conjectures related to them are presented herein together with theorems corollaries, formulae, examples, mathematical criteria, etc. (about integer sequences, numbers, quotients, residues,…
We report a rigorous theory to show the origin of the unexpected periodic behavior seen in the consecutive differences between prime numbers. We also check numerically our findings to ensure that they hold for finite sequences of primes,…
A chessboard has the property that every row and every column has as many white squares as black squares. In this mostly methodological note, we address the problem of counting such rectangular arrays with a fixed (numeric) number of rows,…
One presents many Concatenated and Operation Sequences, P-Q Relationships, Digital Sequences, Magic Squares, Prime Conjectures, k-Divisibility and Strong Divisibility Sequences, Geometric Conjectures, Proposed problems.
In the literature, we have various ways of proving irrationality of a real number. In this survey article, we shall emphasize on a particular criterion to prove irrationality. This is called nice approximation of a number by a sequence of…
In formal languages and automata theory, the magic number problem can be formulated as follows: for a given integer n, is it possible to find a number d in the range [n,2^n] such that there is no minimal deterministic finite automaton with…
Motivated by the observation that the counting function of a certain base-3 colored partition contains the even perfect numbers as a subsequence, we begin by defining a sequence of polynomials in four variables and discuss their properties…
Researchers are often perplexed when their machine learning algorithms are required to deal with complex number. Various strategies are commonly employed to project complex number into real number, although it is frequently sacrificing the…
Expansion of real numbers is a basic research topic in number theory. Usually we expand real numbers in one given base. In this paper, we begin to systematically study expansions in multiple given bases in a reasonable way, which is a…
We use elementary methods to establish three key recurrence relations: one for derangement numbers, a second for harmonic numbers, and a third for degenerate harmonic numbers. Our results not only contribute to the understanding of the…
Several problems which could be thought of as belonging to recreational mathematics are described. They are all such that solutions to the problem depend on finding rational points on elliptic curves. Many of the problems considered lead to…
We consider a family of integer sequences generated by nonlinear recurrences of the second order, which have the curious property that the terms of the sequence, and integer multiples of the ratios of successive terms (which are also…