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We consider the problem of detecting whether a power-law inhomogeneous random graph contains a geometric community, and we frame this as an hypothesis testing problem. More precisely, we assume that we are given a sample from an unknown…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Gianmarco Bet , Riccardo Michielan , Clara Stegehuis

Random graphs with power-law degrees can model scale-free networks as sparse topologies with strong degree heterogeneity. Mathematical analysis of such random graphs proved successful in explaining scale-free network properties such as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-05-24 Clara Stegehuis , Remco van der Hofstad , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden

Random network models generated using sparse exchangeable graphs have provided a mechanism to study a wide variety of complex real-life networks. In particular, these models help with investigating power-law properties of degree…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Bikramjit Das , Tiandong Wang , Gengling Dai

Statistical network modeling has focused on representing the graph as a discrete structure, namely the adjacency matrix, and considering the exchangeability of this array. In such cases, the Aldous-Hoover representation theorem (Aldous,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-06 François Caron , Emily B. Fox

We study scale free simple graphs with an exponent of the degree distribution $\gamma$ less than two. Generically one expects such extremely skewed networks -- which occur very frequently in systems of virtually or logically connected units…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hamed Seyed-allaei , Ginestra Bianconi , Matteo Marsili

How can we approximate sparse graphs and sequences of sparse graphs (with unbounded average degree)? We consider convergence in the first $k$ moments of the graph spectrum (equivalent to the numbers of closed $k$-walks) appropriately…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Samantha Petti , Santosh S. Vempala

Extensive studies have been done to understand the principles behind architectures of real networks. Recently, evidences for hierarchical organization in many real networks have also been reported. Here, we present a new hierarchical model…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 J. C. Nacher , N. Ueda , M. Kanehisa , T. Akutsu

In several scale free graph models the asymptotic degree distribution and the characteristic exponent change when only a smaller set of vertices is considered. Looking at the common properties of these models, we present sufficient…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-07-27 Agnes Backhausz , Tamas F. Mori

Duplication graphs are graphs that grow by duplication of existing vertices, and are important models of biological networks, including protein-protein interaction networks and gene regulatory networks. Three models of graph growth are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alpan Raval

Many complex systems--from social and communication networks to biological networks and the Internet--are thought to exhibit scale-free structure. However, prevailing explanations rely on the constant addition of new nodes, an assumption…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-11-10 Christopher W. Lynn , Caroline M. Holmes , Stephanie E. Palmer

Numerous works have been proposed to generate random graphs preserving the same properties as real-life large scale networks. However, many real networks are better represented by hypergraphs. Few models for generating random hypergraphs…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Frédéric Giroire , Nicolas Nisse , Thibaud Trolliet , Małgorzata Sulkowska

We propose a model for evolving networks by merging building blocks represented as complete graphs, reminiscent of modules in biological system or communities in sociology. The model shows power-law degree distributions, power-law…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Kazuhiro Takemoto , Chikoo Oosawa

Many real life networks present an average path length logarithmic with the number of nodes and a degree distribution which follows a power law. Often these networks have also a modular and self-similar structure and, in some cases -…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-02-17 Alicia Miralles , Francesc Comellas , Lichao Chen , Zhongzhi Zhang

We study the realizability of scale free-networks with a given degree sequence, showing that the fraction of realizable sequences undergoes two first-order transitions at the values 0 and 2 of the power-law exponent. We substantiate this…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-11-04 Charo I. Del Genio , Thilo Gross , Kevin E. Bassler

Degree distribution models are incredibly important tools for analyzing and understanding the structure and formation of social networks, and can help guide the design of efficient graph algorithms. In particular, the Power-law degree…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-08-20 Alessandra Sala , Sabrina Gaito , Gian Paolo Rossi , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Complex network theory crucially depends on the assumptions made about the degree distribution, while fitting degree distributions to network data is challenging, in particular for scale-free networks with power-law degrees. We present a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-12-28 Judith Brugman , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden , Clara Stegehuis

There is increasing evidence that dense networks occur in on-line social networks, recommendation networks and in the brain. In addition to being dense, these networks are often also scale-free, i.e. their degree distributions follow…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-05-16 Owen T. Courtney , Ginestra Bianconi

What distribution of graphical degree sequence is invariant under ``scaling''? Are these graphs always power-law graphs? We show the answer is a surprising ``yes'' for sparse graphs if we ignore isolated vertices, or more generally, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joshua N. Cooper , Lincoln Lu

We investigate the number of maximal cliques, i.e., cliques that are not contained in any larger clique, in three network models: Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graphs, inhomogeneous random graphs (also called Chung-Lu graphs), and geometric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Thomas Bläsius , Maximillian Katzmann , Clara Stegehuis

We propose a simple random process inducing various types of random graphs and the scale free random graphs among others. The model is of a threshold nature and differs from the preferential attachment approach discussed in the literature…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Volchenkov , Ph. Blanchard