Related papers: A short survey on observability
We study a long-recognised but under-appreciated symmetry called "dynamical similarity" and illustrate its relevance to many important conceptual problems in fundamental physics. Dynamical similarities are general transformations of a…
It is well known that general relativity (GR) does not possess any non-trivial local (in a precise standard sense) and diffeomorphism invariant observables. We propose a generalized notion of local observables, which retain the most…
Ramsey theory looks for regularities in large objects. Model theory studies algebraic structures as models of theories. The structural Ramsey theory combines these two fields and is concerned with Ramsey-type questions about certain…
Hyperfiniteness or amenability of measurable equivalence relations and group actions has been studied for almost fifty years. Recently, unexpected applications of hyperfiniteness were found in computer science in the context of testability…
This work examines the problem of graph learning over a diffusion network when data can be collected from a limited portion of the network (partial observability). The main question is to establish technical guarantees of consistent…
In summer 1923, a year after his lectures on the `New Foundation of Mathematics' and half a year before the republication of his two notes on the `Foundations of Physics,' Hilbert delivered a trilogy of lectures in Hamburg. In these…
This work delves into the {\it quotient of an affine semigroup by a positive integer}, exploring its intricate properties and broader implications. We unveil an {\it associated tree} that serves as a valuable tool for further analysis.…
We provide a summary of research on disjoint zero-sum subsets in finite Abelian groups, which is a branch of additive group theory and combinatorial number theory. An orthomorphism of a group $\Gamma$ is defined as a bijection $\varphi$…
In recent years, the ergodic theory of group actions on homogeneous spaces has played a significant role in the metric theory of Diophantine approximation. We survey some recent developments with special emphasis on Diophantine properties…
Determining the measurement uncertainty region is a difficult problem for generic sets of observables. For this reason the literature on exact measurement uncertainty regions is focused on symmetric sets of observables, where the symmetries…
A conceptual variable is any variable defined by a person or by a group of persons. Such variables may be inaccessible, meaning that they cannot be measured with arbitrary accuracy on the physical system under consideration at any given…
We use the notion of isomorphism between two invariant vector fields to shed new light on the issue of linearization of an invariant vector field near a relative equilibrium. We argue that the notion is useful in understanding the passage…
Observer-invariance is regarded as a minimum requirement for an appropriate definition and derived systematically from a spacetime setting, where observer-invariance is a special case of a covariance principle and covered by Ricci-calculus.…
We introduce a general approximation scheme in order to calculate gauge invariant observables in the canonical formulation of general relativity. Using this scheme we will show how the observables and the dynamics of field theories on a…
We develop a version of Herbrand's theorem for continuous logic and use it to prove that definable functions in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces are piecewise approximable by affine functions. We obtain similar results for definable…
We classify affine varieties with an action of a connected, reductive algebraic group such that the group is isomorphic to an open orbit in the variety. This is accomplished by associating a set of one-parameter subgroups of the group to…
Accidental symmetries in effective field theories can be established by computing and comparing Hilbert series. This invites us to study them with the tools of invariant theory. Applying this technology, we spotlight three classes of…
We survey two decades of work on the (sequential) topological complexity of configuration spaces of graphs (ordered and unordered), aiming to give an account that is unifying, elementary, and self-contained. We discuss the traditional…
Not all approximations arise from information systems. The problem of fitting approximations, subjected to some rules (and related data), to information systems in a rough scheme of things is known as the \emph{inverse problem}. The inverse…
We investigate functors between abelian categories having a left adjoint and a right adjoint that are \emph{similar} (these functors are called \emph{quasi-Frobenius functors}). We introduce the notion of a \emph{quasi-Frobenius bimodule}…