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The pursuit of quantum spin liquid (QSL) in the Kitaev honeycomb magnets has drawn intensive attention recently. In particular, $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ has been widely recognized as a promising candidate for the Kitaev QSL. Although the compound…
In the Kitaev magnet $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$, the existence of a magnetic-field-induced quantum spin liquid phase and of anyonic excitations are discussed controversially. We address this elusive, exotic phase via helicity-dependent Raman…
Quantum spin liquids can arise from Kitaev magnetic interactions, and exhibit fractionalized excitations with the potential for a topological form of quantum computation. This review surveys recent experimental and theoretical progress on…
Contrary to the original expectation, Na$_2$IrO$_3$ is not a Kitaev's quantum spin liquid (QSL) but shows a zig-zag-type antiferromagnetic order in experiments. Here we propose experimental clues and criteria to measure how a material in…
We develop a gauge-invariant renormalized mean-field theory (RMFT) to reliably find the quantum spin liquid (QSL) states and their field response for realistic Kitaev materials under strong magnetic fields and described by the generalized…
The suppression of magnetic order and the detection of a half-quantized thermal Hall effect in {\alpha}-RuCl3 under an external magnetic field have sparked significant debate, whether these phenomena point to spin fractionalization, as…
A decade ago, Alexei Kitaev proposed an exactly solvable $S$ = 1/2 model on a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, where the spins fractionalize into Majorana fermions and form a topological quantum spin liquid (QSL) in the ground state. It…
Thermal signatures of fractionalized excitations are a fingerprint of quantum spin liquids (QSLs). In the $J_{eff}=1/2$ honeycomb magnet $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$, a QSL state emerges upon applying an in-plane magnetic field $H_{||}$ greater than…
Quantum entanglement in strongly correlated electron systems often leads to exotic elementary excitations. Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) provide a paradigmatic example, where the elementary excitations are described by fractional…
The exactly-solvable Kitaev model of two-dimensional honeycomb magnet leads to a quantum spin liquid (QSL) characterized by Majorana fermions, relevant for fault-tolerant topological quantum computations. In the high-field paramagnetic…
Experimental identification of quantum spin liquids remains a challenge, as the pristine nature is to be seen in asymptotically low temperatures. We here theoretically show that the precursor of quantum spin liquids appears in the spin…
A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic state of matter in which electrons' spins are quantum entangled over long distances, but do not show symmetry-breaking magnetic order in the zero-temperature limit. The observation of QSL states is a…
Traditional magnetic sub-Kelvin cooling relies on the nearly free local moments in hydrate paramagnetic salts, whose utility is hampered by the dilute magnetic ions and low thermal conductivity. Here we propose to use instead fractional…
The long-sought quantum spin liquid is a quantum-entangled magnetic state leading to the fractionalization of spin degrees of freedom. Quasiparticles emergent from the fractionalization affect not only the ground state properties but also…
Electrons have three quantized properties -- charge, spin, and Fermi statistics -- that are directly responsible for a vast array of phenomena. Here we show how these properties can be coherently and dynamically stripped from the electron…
To reveal the nature of elementary excitations in a quantum spin liquid (QSL), we measured low temperature thermal conductivity and specific heat of 1T-TaS$_2$, a QSL candidate material with frustrated triangular lattice of spin-1/2. The…
The main question we address is how to probe the fractionalized excitations of a quantum spin liquid (QSL), for example, in the Kitaev honeycomb model. By analyzing the energy spectrum and entanglement entropy, for antiferromagnetic…
We study quasiparticle interference (QPI) in the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) for electrons tunneling into the QSL. The local tunneling conductance around a spin vacancy or localized vison reveals unique features associated with…
We identify fingerprints of a proximate quantum spin-liquid (QSL), observable by finite-temperature dynamical thermal transport within a minimal version of the idealized Kitaev model on a two-leg ladder, if subjected to inevitably present…
$\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ has attracted enormous attention since it has been proposed as a prime candidate to study fractionalized magnetic excitations akin to Kitaev's honeycomb-lattice spin liquid. We have performed a detailed specific-heat…