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Complex numerical weather prediction models incorporate a variety of physical processes, each described by multiple alternative physical schemes with specific parameters. The selection of the physical schemes and the choice of the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-02-23 Azam Moosavi , Vishwas Rao , Adrian Sandu

The accurate prediction of precipitation is important to allow for reliable warnings of flood or drought risk in a changing climate. However, to make trust-worthy predictions of precipitation, at a local scale, is one of the most difficult…

Computation · Statistics 2021-02-26 Sherman Lo , Peter Watson , Peter Dueben , Ritabrata Dutta

Seasonal climate predictions support planning and risk management by offering early information of the most likely-to-occur climate conditions in the coming months, and associated uncertainties. Ensemble forecasts enable this by simulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of extreme temperature patterns using emerging statistical machine learning techniques. Our research focuses on exploring and comparing the effectiveness of various statistical models for…

Applications · Statistics 2023-07-27 Kameron B. Kinast , Ernest Fokoué

Climate models are complicated software systems that approximate atmospheric and oceanic fluid mechanics at a coarse spatial resolution. Typical climate forecasts only explicitly resolve processes larger than 100 km and approximate any…

To tackle the global climate challenge, it urgently needs to develop a collaborative platform for comprehensive weather forecasting on large-scale meteorological data. Despite urgency, heterogeneous meteorological sensors across countries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Shengchao Chen , Guodong Long , Tao Shen , Jing Jiang

The conditional generative adversarial rainfall model "cGAN" developed for the UK \cite{Harris22} was trained to post-process into an ensemble and downscale ERA5 rainfall to 1km resolution over three regions of the USA and the UK. Relative…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Fenwick C. Cooper , Andrew T. T. McRae , Matthew Chantry , Bobby Antonio , Tim N. Palmer

Weather forecasting is a vitally important tool for tasks ranging from planning day to day activities to disaster response planning. However, modeling weather has proven to be challenging task due to its chaotic and unpredictable nature.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Lawrence Zhang , Adam Yang , Rodz Andrie Amor , Bryan Zhang , Dhruv Rao

Predicting Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) region is crucial for the effective management of its fragile ecosystems. This study provides a rigorous comparative analysis of several machine learning techniques to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Dennis Quayesam , Jacob Akubire , Oliveira Darkwah

Weather forecasting plays a crucial role in supporting strategic decisions across various sectors, including agriculture, renewable energy production, and disaster management. However, the inherently dynamic and chaotic behavior of the…

The atmosphere is chaotic. This fundamental property of the climate system makes forecasting weather incredibly challenging: it's impossible to expect weather models to ever provide perfect predictions of the Earth system beyond timescales…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-12-15 Elizabeth A. Barnes , Kirsten Mayer , Benjamin Toms , Zane Martin , Emily Gordon

With the press of global climate change, extreme weather and sudden weather changes are becoming increasingly common. To maintain a comfortable indoor environment and minimize the contribution of the building to climate change as much as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Liping Sun , Yucheng Guo , Siliang Lu , Zhenzhen Li

The operational flood forecasting system by Google was developed to provide accurate real-time flood warnings to agencies and the public, with a focus on riverine floods in large, gauged rivers. It became operational in 2018 and has since…

Data-driven medium-range weather forecasting has attracted much attention in recent years. However, the forecasting accuracy at high resolution is unsatisfactory currently. Pursuing high-resolution and high-quality weather forecasting, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Lei Chen , Fei Du , Yuan Hu , Fan Wang , Zhibin Wang

Accurate weather forecasts are important for disaster prevention, agricultural planning, etc. Traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) methods offer physically interpretable high-accuracy predictions but are computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yuan Gao , Hao Wu , Ruiqi Shu , Huanshuo Dong , Fan Xu , Rui Ray Chen , Yibo Yan , Qingsong Wen , Xuming Hu , Kun Wang , Jiahao Wu , Qing Li , Hui Xiong , Xiaomeng Huang

Studying low-likelihood high-impact extreme weather events in a warming world is a significant and challenging task for current ensemble forecasting systems. While these systems presently use up to 100 members, larger ensembles could enrich…

As global warming increases the complexity of weather patterns; the precision of weather forecasting becomes increasingly important. Our study proposes a novel preprocessing method and convolutional autoencoder model developed to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Yo-Hwan Choi , Seon-Yu Kang , Minjong Cheon

In situ and remotely sensed observations have potential to facilitate data-driven predictive models for oceanography. A suite of machine learning models, including regression, decision tree and deep learning approaches were developed to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Stefan Wolff , Fearghal O'Donncha , Bei Chen

Weather is a phenomenon that affects everything and everyone around us on a daily basis. Weather prediction has been an important point of study for decades as researchers have tried to predict the weather and climatic changes using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Ishu Gupta , Harsh Mittal , Deepak Rikhari , Ashutosh Kumar Singh