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Quantum query complexity studies the number of queries needed to learn some property of a black box. A closely related question is how well an algorithm can succeed with this learning task using only a fixed number of queries. In this work,…

Quantum sampling, a fundamental subroutine in numerous quantum algorithms, involves encoding a given probability distribution in the amplitudes of a pure state. Given the hefty cost of large-scale quantum storage, we initiate the study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Longyun Chen , Jingcheng Liu , Penghui Yao

While quantum reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted a surge of attention recently, its theoretical understanding is limited. In particular, it remains elusive how to design provably efficient quantum RL algorithms that can address the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-14 Han Zhong , Jiachen Hu , Yecheng Xue , Tongyang Li , Liwei Wang

Quantum random access memory (QRAM) promises simultaneous data queries at multiple memory locations, with data retrieved in coherent superpositions, essential for achieving quantum speedup in many quantum algorithms. We introduce a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Zhaoyou Wang , Hong Qiao , Andrew N. Cleland , Liang Jiang

Quantum reservoir computing (QRC) and quantum extreme learning machines (QELM) are two emerging approaches that have demonstrated their potential both in classical and quantum machine learning tasks. They exploit the quantumness of physical…

In this work, we establish the first separation between computation with bounded and unbounded space, for problems with short outputs (i.e., working memory can be exponentially larger than output size), both in the classical and the quantum…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zihan Hao , Zikuan Huang , Qipeng Liu

Quantum machine learning, as an extension of classical machine learning that harnesses quantum mechanics, facilitates effiient learning from data encoded in quantum states. Training a quantum neural network typically demands a substantial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yongcheng Ding , Yue Ban , Mikel Sanz , José D. Martín-Guerrero , Xi Chen

Quantum reservoir computing (QRC) is a low-complexity learning paradigm that combines the inherent dynamics of input-driven many-body quantum systems with classical learning techniques for nonlinear temporal data processing. Optimizing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Moein N. Ivaki , Achilleas Lazarides , Tapio Ala-Nissila

Algorithms for reinforcement learning (RL) in large state spaces crucially rely on supervised learning subroutines to estimate objects such as value functions or transition probabilities. Since only the simplest supervised learning problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Dhruv Rohatgi , Dylan J. Foster

We study the robustness of the bucket brigade quantum random access memory model introduced by Giovannetti, Lloyd, and Maccone [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 160501 (2008)]. Due to a result of Regev and Schiff [ICALP '08 pp. 773], we show that for…

A leading approach to algorithm design aims to minimize the number of operations in an algorithm's compilation. One intuitively expects that reducing the number of operations may decrease the chance of errors. This paradigm is particularly…

The recovery of fragile quantum states from decoherence is the basis of building a quantum memory, with applications ranging from quantum communications to quantum computing. Many recovery techniques, such as quantum error correction, rely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Arshag Danageozian

Optimizing quantum circuits is challenging due to the very large search space of functionally equivalent circuits and the necessity of applying transformations that temporarily decrease performance to achieve a final performance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-20 Zikun Li , Jinjun Peng , Yixuan Mei , Sina Lin , Yi Wu , Oded Padon , Zhihao Jia

In the field of quantum reservoir computing (QRC), many different computational models and architectures have been proposed. From these models, we identify feedback-based models -- which use a feedback mechanism to re-embed classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Erik L. Connerty , Ethan N. Evans

We describe a method to upper bound the quantum query complexity of Boolean formula evaluation problems, using fundamental theorems about the general adversary bound. This nonconstructive method can give an upper bound on query complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-20 Shelby Kimmel

The development of quantum computational techniques has advanced greatly in recent years, parallel to the advancements in techniques for deep reinforcement learning. This work explores the potential for quantum computing to facilitate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-31 Owen Lockwood , Mei Si

Quantum computing promises to provide machine learning with computational advantages. However, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices pose engineering challenges to realizing quantum machine learning (QML) advantages. Recently, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-22 Rodrigo Araiza Bravo , Khadijeh Najafi , Xun Gao , Susanne F. Yelin

Quantum memory management is becoming a pressing problem, especially given the recent research effort to develop new and more complex quantum algorithms. The only existing automatic method for quantum states clean-up relies on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-04 Giulia Meuli , Mathias Soeken , Martin Roetteler , Nikolaj Bjorner , Giovanni De Micheli

We address the question whether quantum memory is more powerful than classical memory. In particular, we consider a setting where information about a random n-bit string X is stored in r classical or quantum bits, for r<n, i.e., the stored…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Robert Koenig , Ueli Maurer , Renato Renner

Near-term quantum computations are limited by high error rates, the scarcity of qubits and low qubit connectivity. Increasing support for mid-circuit measurements and qubit reset in near-term quantum computers enables qubit reuse that may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 Sebastian Brandhofer , Ilia Polian , Kevin Krsulich