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Babson and Steingr\`imsson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. Subsequently, Claesson presented a complete solution for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-26 Anders Claesson , Toufik Mansour

We consider uniform random permutations in proper substitution-closed classes and study their limiting behavior in the sense of permutons. The limit depends on the generating series of the simple permutations in the class. Under a mild…

Permutations that avoid given patterns are among the most classical objects in combinatorics and have strong connections to many fields of mathematics, computer science and biology. In this paper we study fixed points of both 123- and…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Christopher Hoffman , Douglas Rizzolo , Erik Slivken

The most well-known Gray code of permutations is plain changes. It was discovered in the 1600s by bell-ringers who wished to order the permutations of [n] by swaps (e.g., 123, 132, 312, 321, 231, 213 for n = 3). In other words, plain…

Combinatorial Exploration is a new domain-agnostic algorithmic framework to automatically and rigorously study the structure of combinatorial objects and derive their counting sequences and generating functions. We describe how it works and…

In this paper, we consider the problem of avoiding a single vincular pattern of length three by derangements in the flattened sense and find explicit formulas for the generating functions enumerating members of each corresponding avoidance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Toufik Mansour , Mark Shattuck

The optimal placement of measurement devices in electrical power systems is commonly modeled through the power dominating set problem. However, in real-world applications, these devices have limited capacities, leading to a capacitated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Mauro Lucci , Diego Delle Donne , Mariana Escalante

We look at geometric limits of large random non-uniform permutations. We mainly consider two theories for limits of permutations: permuton limits, introduced by Hoppen, Kohayakawa, Moreira, Rath, and Sampaio to define a notion of scaling…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-22 Jacopo Borga

We present a deterministic comparison-based algorithm that sorts sequences avoiding a fixed permutation $\pi$ in linear time, even if $\pi$ is a priori unkown. Moreover, the dependence of the multiplicative constant on the pattern $\pi$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Michal Opler

We study aspects of the enumeration of permutation classes, sets of permutations closed downwards under the subpermutation order. First, we consider monotone grid classes of permutations. We present procedures for calculating the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-23 David Bevan

We study permutations $p$ such that both $p$ and $p^2$ avoid a given pattern $q$. We obtain a generating function for the case of $q=312$ (equivalently, $q=231$), we prove that if $q$ is monotone increasing, then above a certain length,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-06 Miklos Bona , Rebecca Smith

We present four constructions of inversion sequences, and use them to compute the enumeration sequences of 24 classes of pattern-avoiding inversion sequences. This completes the enumeration of inversion sequences avoiding one or two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Benjamin Testart

Nature features a plethora of extraordinary photonic architectures that have been optimized through natural evolution. While numerical optimization is increasingly and successfully used in photonics, it has yet to replicate any of these…

In this paper, the problem of pattern avoidance in generalized non-crossing trees is studied. The generating functions for generalized non-crossing trees avoiding patterns of length one and two are obtained. Lagrange inversion formula is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-05-12 Yidong Sun , Zhiping Wang

Recently, Babson and Steingrimsson (see \cite{BS}) introduced generalized permutations patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. In this paper we study the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Mansour

We study the problem of counting alternating permutations avoiding collections of permutation patterns including 132. We construct a bijection between the set S_n(132) of 132-avoiding permutations and the set A_{2n + 1}(132) of alternating,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Joel Brewster Lewis

In [S. Effler, F. Ruskey, A CAT algorithm for listing permutations with a given number of inversions, {\it I.P.L.}, 86/2 (2003)] the authors give an algorithm, which appears to be CAT, for generating permutations with a given major index.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-05 Vincent Vajnovszki

We study joint distributions of cycles and patterns in permutations written in standard cycle form. We explore both classical and generalised patterns of length 2 and 3. Many extensions of classical theory are achieved; bivariate generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-11-05 Robert Parviainen

We show that the counting sequence for permutations avoiding both of the (classical) patterns 1243 and 2134 has the algebraic generating function supplied by Vaclav Kotesovec for sequence A164651 in The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 David Callan

We find a generating function expressed as a continued fraction that enumerates ordered trees by the number of vertices at different levels. Several Catalan problems are mapped to an ordered-tree problem and their generating functions also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mahendra Jani , Robert G. Rieper