Related papers: TeSSLa: Temporal Stream-based Specification Langua…
Runtime Verification (RV) studies how to analyze execution traces of a system under observation. Stream Runtime Verification (SRV) applies stream transformations to obtain information from observed traces. Incomplete traces with information…
Stream Runtime Verification is a formal dynamic analysis technique that generalizes runtime verification algorithms from temporal logics like LTL to stream monitoring, allowing to compute richer verdicts than Booleans (including…
Techniques for runtime verification often utilise specification languages that are (i) reasonably expressive, and (ii) relatively abstract (i.e. they operate on a level of abstraction that separates them from the system being monitored).…
Runtime verification is an effective automated method for specification-based offline testing and analysis as well as online monitoring of complex systems. The specification language is often a variant of regular expressions or a popular…
Stream-based runtime monitors are safety assurance tools that check at runtime whether the system's behavior satisfies a formal specification. Specifications consist of stream equations, which relate input streams, containing sensor…
Runtime verification (RV) consists in dynamically verifying that the event traces generated by single runs of a system under scrutiny (SUS) are compliant with the formal specification of its expected properties. RML (Runtime Monitoring…
Runtime verification (RV) consists in dynamically verifying that the event traces generated by single runs of a system under scrutiny (SUS) are compliant with the formal specification of its expected properties. RML (Runtime Monitoring…
Runtime verification encompasses several lightweight techniques for checking whether a system's current execution satisfies a given specification. We focus on runtime verification for Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Previous work describes…
We introduce RTLola, a new stream-based specification language for the description of real-time properties of reactive systems. The key feature is the integration of sliding windows over real-time intervals with aggregation functions into…
Stream-based runtime monitoring frameworks are safety assurance tools that check the runtime behavior of a system against a formal specification. This tutorial provides a hands-on introduction to RTLola, a real-time monitoring toolkit for…
An essential part of cyber-physical systems is the online evaluation of real-time data streams. Especially in systems that are intrinsically safety-critical, a dedicated monitoring component inspecting data streams to detect problems at…
We present an approach for verifying systems at runtime. Our approach targets distributed systems whose components communicate with monitors over unreliable channels, where messages can be delayed, reordered, or even lost. Furthermore, our…
Runtime monitoring is an essential part of guaranteeing the safety of cyber-physical systems. Recently, runtime monitoring frameworks based on formal specification languages gained momentum. These languages provide valuable abstractions for…
We present a monitoring approach for verifying systems at runtime. Our approach targets systems whose components communicate with the monitors over unreliable channels, where messages can be delayed or lost. In contrast to prior works,…
Stream-based monitoring is a well-established runtime verification approach which relates input streams, representing sensor readings from the monitored system, with output streams that capture filtered or aggregated results. In such…
Runtime Verification deals with the question of whether a run of a system adheres to its specification. This paper studies runtime verification in the presence of partial knowledge about the observed run, particularly where input values may…
Property Specification Language (PSL) is a form of temporal logic that has been mainly used in discrete domains (e.g. formal hardware verification). In this paper, we show that by merging machine learning techniques with PSL monitors, we…
Stream-based monitoring is a runtime verification approach where a monitor aggregates streams of input data from sensors and other sources to give real-time statistics and assessments of a system's health. One of the central challenges in…
We develop model checking algorithms for Temporal Stream Logic (TSL) and Hyper Temporal Stream Logic (HyperTSL) modulo theories. TSL extends Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) with memory cells, functions and predicates, making it a convenient and…
Runtime verification consists in observing and collecting the execution traces of a system and checking them against a specification, with the objective of raising an error when a trace does not satisfy the specification. We consider…