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We analyze all the possible continuous horizontal gauge groups G_H in relation with their possibility to explain m_b<<m_t. We assume that the only effective fermionic degrees of freedom correspond to the known fermions but allow the…

Equations in free groups have become prominent recently in connection with the solution to the well known Tarski Conjecture. Results of Makanin and Rasborov show that solvability of systems of equations is decidable and there is a method…

Let F be a non-abelian finite rank free group, and let H_g be the fundamental group of a surface of genus g with one boundary component represented by D_g in H_g. So, H_g is the free group <a_1,b_1,...,a_g,b_g> and D_g is the product of…

We are concerned with the almost automorphic solutions to the second-order elliptic differential equations of type $\ddot u(s) + 2 B \dot u(s) + A u(s) = f(s) (\ast),$ where $A, B$ are densely defined closed linear operators acting in a…

We consider the function $f(g)$ that assigns to an orientable surface $M$ of genus $g$ the maximal number of free commuting independent involutions on $M$. We show that the surface of minimal genus $g$ with $f(g)=n$ is a real moment-angle…

We present here the explicit parametric solutions of second order differential equations invariant under time translation and rescaling and third order differential equations invariant under time translation and the two homogeneity…

We consider in this work representations of the of the fundamental group of the 3-punctured sphere in ${\rm PU}(2,1)$ such that the boundary loops are mapped to ${\rm PU}(2,1)$. We provide a system of coordinates on the corresponding…

We consider the first-order system space-time formulation of the heat equation introduced in [Bochev, Gunzburger, Springer, New York (2009)], and analyzed in [F\"uhrer, Karkulik, Comput. Math. Appl. 92 (2021)] and [Gantner, Stevenson, ESAIM…

We consider quadratic optimization in variables $(x,y)$ where $0\le x\le y$, and $y\in\{0,1\}^n$. Such binary $y$ are commonly refered to as "indicator" or "switching" variables and occur commonly in applications. One approach to such…

The Modular Group provides simple proofs of Fermat's representations: X^2+Y^2 for primes congruent to 1 (mod 4) and by X^2+3Y^2 for primes congruent to 1 (mod 3)

We find an explicit presentation of relative linear Steinberg groups $\mathrm{St}(n, R, I)$ for any ring $R$ and $n \geq 4$ by generators and relations as abstract groups. We also prove a similar result for relative simply laced Steinberg…

Guralnick, Kunyavskii, Plotkin and Shalev have shown that the solvable radical of a finite group $G$ can be characterized as the set of all $x\in G$ such that $<x,y>$ is solvable for all $y\in G$. We prove two generalizations of this…

A method of finding relative periodic orbits for differential equations with continuous symmetries is described and its utility demonstrated by computing relative periodic solutions for the one-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation…

We describe geometrically the classical and quantum inhomogeneous groups $G_0=(SL(2, \BbbC)\triangleright \BbbC^2)$ and $G_1=(SL(2, \BbbC)\triangleright \BbbC^2)\triangleright \BbbC$ by studying explicitly their shape algebras as a spaces…

We study Hodge representations of absolutely simple Q-algebraic groups with Hodge numbers h = (1,1,...,1). For those groups that are not of type A, we give a classification of the R-irreducible representations; a similar classification for…

This paper introduces the study of occurrence of symmetries in binary differential equations (BDEs). These are implicit differential equations given by the zeros of a quadratic 1-form, $a(x,y)dy^2 + b(x,y)dxdy + c(x,y)dx^2 = 0,$ for $a, b,…

To every involutive non-degenerate set-theoretic solution $(X,r)$ of the Yang-Baxter equation on a finite set $X$ there is a naturally associated finite solvable permutation group ${\mathcal G}(X,r)$ acting on $X$. We prove that every…

We find implicit general solutions for modified eikonal equations $u_a u_a=F(u_t)$, where lower indices at dependent variables designate derivatives, $a=1,2,..,n$, and summation is implied over the repeated indices. We will consider the…

Let $G$ be a simple linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p \geq 0$ and let $V$ be an irreducible rational $G$-module with highest weight $\lambda$. When $V$ is self-dual, a basic question to ask…

Let $\omega_\mathfrak{g}$ be a Lie algebra valued differential $1$-form on a manifold $M$ satisfying the structure equations $d \omega_\mathfrak{g} + \frac{1}{2} \omega_\mathfrak{g}\wedge \omega_\mathfrak{g}=0$ where $\mathfrak{g}$ is…