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In traditional cognitive radio networks, secondary users (SUs) typically access the spectrum of primary users (PUs) by a two-stage "listen-before-talk" (LBT) protocol, i.e., SUs sense the spectrum holes in the first stage before…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-02-25 Yun Liao , Tianyu Wang , Lingyang Song , Zhu Han

In traditional cognitive radio networks, secondary users (SUs) typically access the spectrum of primary users (PUs) by a two-stage "listen-before-talk" (LBT) protocol, i.e., SUs sense the spectrum holes in the first stage before transmit in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Yun Liao , Tianyu Wang , Lingyang Song , Zhu Han

The most essential component of every Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is the Consensus Algorithm (CA), which enables users to reach a consensus in a decentralized and distributed manner. Numerous CA exist, but their viability for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Ahmad J. Alkhodair , Saraju P. Mohanty , Elias Kougianos

With the advancement of blockchain systems, many recent research works have proposed distributed ledger technology~(DLT) that employs Byzantine fault-tolerant~(BFT) consensus protocols to decide which block to append next to the ledger.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Christian Berger , Signe Schwarz-Rüsch , Arne Vogel , Kai Bleeke , Leander Jehl , Hans P. Reiser , Rüdiger Kapitza

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is promising to become the foundation of many decentralised systems. However, the unbalanced and unregulated network layout contributes to the inefficiency of DLT especially in the Internet of Things…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Yibin Xu , Yangyu Huang

Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) has been adopted as the spectrum sharing technique that guarantees a fair LTE/Wi-Fi coexistence in the unlicensed spectrum at the 5 GHz band. Differently, at mmWave bands, where beamforming is a must to overcome…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Sandra Lagen , Lorenza Giupponi

The effort to extend cellular technologies to unlicensed spectrum has been gaining high momentum. Listen-before-talk (LBT) is enforced in the regions such as European Union and Japan to harmonize coexistence of cellular and incumbent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-12 Ning Wei , Xingqin Lin , Wanwan Li , Youzhi Xiong , Zhongpei Zhang

We introduce a permissioned distributed ledger technology (DLT) design for crowdsourced smart mobility applications. This architecture is based on a directed acyclic graph architecture (similar to the IOTA tangle) and uses both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Roman Overko , Rodrigo H. Ordonez-Hurtado , Sergiy Zhuk , Pietro Ferraro , Andrew Cullen , Robert Shorten

The pervasive need to safely share and store information between devices calls for the replacement of centralized trust architectures with the decentralized ones. Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) are seen as the most promising enabler…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Pietro Danzi , Anders E. Kalør , René B. Sørensen , Alexander K. Hagelskjær , Lam D. Nguyen , Čedomir Stefanović , Petar Popovski

Dual Connectivity (DC) is a technique proposed to address the problem of increased handovers in heterogeneous networks. In DC, a foreground User Equipment (UE) with multiple transceivers has a possibility to connect to a Macro eNodeB (MeNB)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Pradnya Kiri Taksande , Arghyadip Roy , Abhay Karandikar

When developing peer-to-peer applications on Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), a crucial decision is the selection of a suitable DLT design (e.g., Ethereum) because it is hard to change the underlying DLT design post hoc. To facilitate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Niclas Kannengießer , Sebastian Lins , Tobias Dehling , Ali Sunyaev

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) has an enormous potential but also downsides. One downside of many DLT systems, such as blockchain, is their limited transaction throughput that hinders their adoption in many use cases (e.g., real-time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 J. Kalbantner , K. Markantonakis , D. Hurley-Smith , C. Shepherd , B. Semal

Recent byte-level language models (LMs) match the performance of token-level models without relying on subword vocabularies, yet their utility is limited by slow, byte-by-byte autoregressive generation. We address this bottleneck in the…

This paper describes how Distributed Ledger Technologies can be used to design a class of cyber-physical systems, as well as to enforce social contracts and to orchestrate the behaviour of agents trying to access a shared resource. The…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Pietro Ferraro , Christopher King , Robert Shorten

In the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, devices need a platform to transact seamlessly without a trusted intermediary. Although Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) could provide such a platform, blockchains, such as Bitcoin, were not…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Andrew Cullen , Pietro Ferraro , William Sanders , Luigi Vigneri , Robert Shorten

Infrastructure sharing is a widely discussed and implemented approach and is successfully adopted in telecommunications networks today. In practice, it is implemented through prior negotiated Service Level Agreements (SLAs) between the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Tooba Faisal , Mischa Dohler , Simone Mangiante , Diego R. Lopez

To accommodate Machine-type Communication (MTC) service, the wireless network needs to support low-delay and low-jitter data transmission, realizing delay deterministic wireless network. This paper analyzes the delay and jitter of the…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Zhiqing Wei , Ling Zhang , Gaofeng Nie , Huici Wu , Ning Zhang , Zeyang Meng , Zhiyong Feng

The success of blockchains has sparked interest in large-scale deployments of Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols over wide area networks. A central feature of such networks is variable communication bandwidth across nodes…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Lei Yang , Seo Jin Park , Mohammad Alizadeh , Sreeram Kannan , David Tse

Distributed optimization finds applications in large-scale machine learning, data processing and classification over multi-agent networks. In real-world scenarios, the communication network of agents may encounter latency that may affect…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian , Narahari Kasagatta Ramesh , Alireza Aghasi

Ensuring fair co-existence between unlicensed LTE and WiFi networks is currently of major concern to both cellular operators and WiFi providers. Two main unlicensed LTE approaches currently being discussed, namely Carrier Sense Adaptive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Cristina Cano , Douglas J. Leith
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