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Most self-driving systems rely on hand-coded perception outputs and engineered driving rules. Learning directly from human driving data with an end-to-end method can allow for a training architecture that is simpler and scales well with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Mitchell Goff , Greg Hogan , George Hotz , Armand du Parc Locmaria , Kacper Raczy , Harald Schäfer , Adeeb Shihadeh , Weixing Zhang , Yassine Yousfi

We present the first algorithm for query learning Mealy machines with timers in a black-box context. Our algorithm is an extension of the L# algorithm of Vaandrager et al. to a timed setting. We rely on symbolic queries which empower us to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Véronique Bruyère , Bharat Garhewal , Guillermo A. Pérez , Gaëtan Staquet , Frits W. Vaandrager

Microbiological systems evolve to fulfill their tasks with maximal efficiency. The immune system is a remarkable example, where self-non self distinction is accomplished by means of molecular interaction between self proteins and antigens,…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2013-08-26 Marcio Argollo de Menezes , Edgardo Brigatti , Veit Schwämmle

How can robots learn and adapt to new tasks and situations with little data? Systematic exploration and simulation are crucial tools for efficient robot learning. We present a novel black-box policy search algorithm focused on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Shiming He , Alexander von Rohr , Dominik Baumann , Ji Xiang , Sebastian Trimpe

Exploring and traversing extreme terrain with surface robots is difficult, but highly desirable for many applications, including exploration of planetary surfaces, search and rescue, among others. For these applications, to ensure the robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Frances Zhu , D. Sawyer Elliott , ZhiDi Yang , Haoyuan Zheng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly tasked with generating structured outputs. While structured generation methods ensure validity, they often lack output diversity, a critical limitation that we confirm in our preliminary study.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xiaokun Luan , Zeming Wei , Yihao Zhang , Meng Sun

Statistical learning relies upon data sampled from a distribution, and we usually do not care what actually generated it in the first place. From the point of view of causal modeling, the structure of each distribution is induced by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Giambattista Parascandolo , Niki Kilbertus , Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Bernhard Schölkopf

Timed automata are a common formalism for the verification of concurrent systems subject to timing constraints. They extend finite-state automata with clocks, that constrain the system behavior in locations, and to take transitions. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Johan Arcile , Étienne André

Model-based reinforcement learning methods typically learn models for high-dimensional state spaces by aiming to reconstruct and predict the original observations. However, drawing inspiration from model-free reinforcement learning, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Aaron Havens , Yi Ouyang , Prabhat Nagarajan , Yasuhiro Fujita

We present time-constrained automata (TCA), a model for hard real-time computation in which agents behaviors are modeled by automata and constrained by time intervals. TCA actions can have multiple start time and deadlines, can be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Matthieu Lemerre , Vincent David , Christophe Aussaguès , Guy Vidal-Naquet

Large Language Models (LLMs) have in recent years demonstrated impressive prowess in natural language generation. A common practice to improve generation diversity is to sample multiple outputs from the model. However, there lacks a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Xingdi Yuan , Tong Wang , Yen-Hsiang Wang , Emery Fine , Rania Abdelghani , Pauline Lucas , Hélène Sauzéon , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Many important problems in science and engineering, such as drug design, involve optimizing an expensive black-box objective function over a complex, high-dimensional, and structured input space. Although machine learning techniques have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Austin Tripp , Erik Daxberger , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

The language Timed Concurrent Constraint (tccp) is the extension over time of the Concurrent Constraint Programming (cc) paradigm that allows us to specify concurrent systems where timing is critical, for example reactive systems. Systems…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Moreno Falaschi , Alicia Villanueva

This paper is about the state estimation of timed probabilistic discrete event systems. The main contribution is to propose general procedures for developing state estimation approaches based on artificial neural networks. It is assumed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Omar Amri , Carla Seatzu , Alessandro Giua , Dimitri Lefebvre

Automata over infinite alphabets have emerged as a convenient computational model for processing structures involving data, such as nonces in cryptographic protocols or data values in XML documents. We introduce active learning methods for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Florian Frank , Stefan Milius , Jurriaan Rot , Henning Urbat

We present a deep generative model for learning to predict classes not seen at training time. Unlike most existing methods for this problem, that represent each class as a point (via a semantic embedding), we represent each seen/unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Wenlin Wang , Yunchen Pu , Vinay Kumar Verma , Kai Fan , Yizhe Zhang , Changyou Chen , Piyush Rai , Lawrence Carin

The term "nexting" has been used by psychologists to refer to the propensity of people and many other animals to continually predict what will happen next in an immediate, local, and personal sense. The ability to "next" constitutes a basic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Joseph Modayil , Adam White , Richard S. Sutton

We consider the general problem of modeling temporal data with long-range dependencies, wherein new observations are fully or partially predictable based on temporally-distant, past observations. A sufficiently powerful temporal model…

We present counting reward automata-a finite state machine variant capable of modelling any reward function expressible as a formal language. Unlike previous approaches, which are limited to the expression of tasks as regular languages, our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Tristan Bester , Benjamin Rosman , Steven James , Geraud Nangue Tasse

In this paper, we introduce the first large-scale video prediction model in the autonomous driving discipline. To eliminate the restriction of high-cost data collection and empower the generalization ability of our model, we acquire massive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Jiazhi Yang , Shenyuan Gao , Yihang Qiu , Li Chen , Tianyu Li , Bo Dai , Kashyap Chitta , Penghao Wu , Jia Zeng , Ping Luo , Jun Zhang , Andreas Geiger , Yu Qiao , Hongyang Li