Related papers: Calculus on Dual Real Numbers
In the present article, real number representations, that are generalizations of classical positive and alternating representations of numbers, are introduced and investigated. The main metric relation, properties of cylinder sets are…
The purpose of this paper is to prove the First and Second Fundamental Theorems of invariant theory for the complex special linear supergroup and discuss the superalgebra of invariants, via the super Plucker relations.
The purpose of this article is to formulate a number of probabilistic hidden-variable theorems, to provide proofs in some cases, and counterexamples to some conjectured relationships. The first theorem is the fundamental one. It asserts the…
In this paper, we revisit foundations of umbral calculus using a straightforward approach based on an explicit matrix realization of binomial convolution. We construct an umbral duality of Wronskian type for rational curves in echelon form,…
This document introduces a generalization of calculus that treats both continuous and discrete variables on an equal footing. This generalization of calculus was developed independently of the "Calculus on Time Scales" literature but may be…
We discuss various universality aspects of numerical computations using standard algorithms. These aspects include empirical observations and rigorous results. We also make various speculations about computation in a broader sense.
Within the gossamer numbers which extend the real numbers to include infinitesimals and infinities we prove the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC). Riemann sums are also considered in the gossamer number system, and their non-uniqueness…
We introduce a total order and the absolute value function for dual numbers. The absolute value function of dual numbers are with dual number values, and have properties similar to the properties of the absolute value function of real…
We formulate generalizations of Pauli's theorem on the cases of real and complex Clifford algebras of even and odd dimensions. We give analogues of these theorems in matrix formalism. Using these theorems we present an algorithm for…
Using calculus we show how to prove some combinatorial inequalities of the type log-concavity or log-convexity. It is shown by this method that binomial coefficients and Stirling numbers of the first and second kinds are log-concave, and…
Although much has been said about parallelism in discourse, a formal, computational theory of parallelism structure is still outstanding. In this paper, we present a theory which given two parallel utterances predicts which are the parallel…
A common question from students on the usual diagonalization proof for the uncountability of the set of real numbers is: when a representation of real numbers, such as the decimal expansions of real numbers, allows us to use the…
While complex numbers are essential in mathematics, they are not needed to describe physical experiments, expressed in terms of probabilities, hence real numbers. Physics however aims to explain, rather than describe, experiments through…
We develop the integral calculus for quasi-standard smooth functions defined on the ring of Fermat reals. The approach is by proving the existence and uniqueness of primitives. Besides the classical integral formulas, we show the…
We discuss a formal system of mathematics. We use it to construct the natural numbers.
The main purpose of this work is to introduce and analyse some generalizations of diverse superposition rules for first-order differential equations to the setting of second-order differential equations. As a result, we find a way to apply…
We report on a verification of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra in ACL2(r). The proof consists of four parts. First, continuity for both complex-valued and real-valued functions of complex numbers is defined, and it is shown that…
Duality of curves is one of the important aspects of the ``classical'' algebraic geometry. In this paper, using this foundation, the duality of tropical polynomials is constructed to introduce the duality of Non-Archimedean curves. Using…
This paper contains a new elementary proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus for the Lebesgue integral. The hardest part of our proof simply concerns the convergence in ${\rm L}^1$ of a certain sequence of step functions, and we prove…
We consider some bases in the Hecke algebra and exhibit certain dualities between them.