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Related papers: Point Defects, Chirality and Singularity Theory in…

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In many biological materials with a hierarchical structure there is an intriguing and unique mechanism responsible for the 'propagation' of order from the molecular to the nano- or micro-scale level. Here we present a much simpler molecular…

Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) have a characteristic length scale given by the pitch of the twisted stacking of their constituent rod-like molecules. Under homeotropic anchoring conditions where the molecules prefer to orient…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-13 Maxim O. Lavrentovich , Lisa Tran

Topological point defects on orientationally ordered spheres, and on deformable fluid vesicles have been partly motivated by their potential applications in creating super-atoms with directional bonds through functionalization of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-27 C. Saichand , Jaya Kumar Alageshan , Arun Roy , Yashodhan Hatwalne

This paper studies a shape optimization problem which reduces to a nonlocal free boundary problem involving perimeter. It is motivated by a study of liquid crystal droplets with a tangential anchoring boundary condition and a volume…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Zhiyuan Geng , Fanghua Lin

Chirality is a fundamental feature in all domains of nature, ranging from particle physics over electromagnetism to chemistry and biology. Chiral objects lack a mirror plane and inversion symmetry and therefore cannot be spatially aligned…

We investigate the assembly of the dipole-like patchy particles confined to a spherical surface by Brownian dynamics simulations. The surface property of the spherical particle is described by the spherical harmonic $Y_{10}$, and the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-21 Uyen Tu Lieu , Natsuhiko Yoshinaga

The dynamics of active smectic liquid crystals confined on a spherical surface is explored through an active phase field crystal model. Starting from an initially randomly perturbed isotropic phase, several types of topological defects are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-03-11 Michael Nestler , Simon Praetorius , Zhi-Feng Huang , Hartmut Löwen , Axel Voigt

Topological defects are an essential part of the structure and dynamics of all liquid crystals, and they are particularly important in experiments and simulations on active liquid crystals. In a recent paper, Vromans and Giomi [Soft Matter,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-08-23 Xingzhou Tang , Jonathan V. Selinger

We describe experimental investigations of the structure of two-dimensional spherical crystals. The crystals, formed by beads self-assembled on water droplets in oil, serve as model systems for exploring very general theories about the…

We numerically investigate the phase behavior of thick shells of cholesteric liquid crystals with tangential anchoring at the shell boundary. For achiral liquid crystal, we demonstrate a thickness-dependent transition from a configuration…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-03 Arda Bulut , Yusuf Sariyar , Giuseppe Negro , Livio Nicola Carenza

Crystal defects crucially influence the properties of crystalline materials and have been extensively studied. Even for the simplest type of defect - the point defect - however, basic properties such as their diffusive behavior, and their…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-05 Max P. M. Schelling , Janne-Mieke Meijer

Monte Carlo molecular simulations of curve-shaped rods show the propensity of such shapes to polymorphism revealing both smectic and polar nematic phases. The nematic exhibits a nanoscale modulated local structure characterized by a unique,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-06 Alexandros G. Vanakaras , Edward T. Samulski , Demetri J. Photinos

The occurrence of biological homochirality is attributed to symmetry breaking mechanisms which are still debatable1. Studies of symmetry breaking require tools for monitoring the population ratios of individual chiral nano-objects, such as…

Optics · Physics 2018-08-20 Eitam Vinegrad , Uri Hananel , Gil Markovich , Ori Cheshnovsky

This study explores the mechanisms behind the helical structures in cholesteric liquid crystalline (CLC) phases using molecular dynamics simulations. By adding chiral agents to the nematic liquid crystalline (NLC) compound, 5CB, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-03-24 Yoshiaki Uchida , Go Watanabe

Chemical design of block copolymers makes it possible to create polymer vesicles with tunable microscopic structure. Here we focus on a model of a vesicle made of smectic liquid-crystalline block copolymers at zero temperature. The vesicle…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-12-19 Francesco Serafin , Mark J. Bowick , Sidney R. Nagel

From the theory of topological defect formation proposed for the early universe, the so called Kibble mechanism, it follows that the density correlation functions of defects and anti-defects in a given system should be completely determined…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Rajarshi Ray , Ajit M. Srivastava

Understanding the out-of equilibrium behaviour of point defects in crystals, yields insights into the nature and fragility of the ordered state, as well as being of great practical importance. In some rare cases defects are spontaneously…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-10-14 William T. M. Irvine , Mark J. Bowick , Paul M. Chaikin

Quasi-periodic structures of quasicrystals yield novel effects in diverse systems. However, there is little investigation on employing quasi-periodic structures in the morphology control. Here, we show the use of quasi-periodic surface…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-07-17 Enhui Chen , Quanzi Yuan , Ya-Pu Zhao

Point defects in real crystals at finite temperatures are inevitable. Their dynamics severely influence the mechanical properties of crystals under shear giving rise to nonlinear effects such as ductility. Therefore, it is crucial to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-02 Gaurav P. Shrivastav , Gerhard Kahl

In the present paper, we investigate the polarization properties of the cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) with an isotropic/anisotropic defect inside them. Possibilities of amplification of the polarization plane rotation and stabilization…