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It follows from a classical result of Jordan that every tree with maximum degree at most $r$ containing a vertex set labeled by $[n]$, has a single-edge cut which separates two subsets $A,B \subset [n]$ for which $\min\{|A|,|B|\} \ge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Sagi Snir , Raphael Yuster

We prove tight bounds on the site percolation threshold for $k$-uniform hypergraphs of maximum degree $\Delta$ and for $k$-uniform hypergraphs of maximum degree $\Delta$ in which any pair of edges overlaps in at most $r$ vertices. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-25 Tyler Helmuth , Will Perkins , Michail Sarantis

Limits of graphs were initiated recently in the two extreme contexts of dense and bounded degree graphs. This led to elegant limiting structures called graphons and graphings. These approach have been unified and generalized by authors in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-03 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez

We consider three probability measures on subsets of edges of a given finite graph $G$, namely those which govern, respectively, a uniform forest, a uniform spanning tree, and a uniform connected subgraph. A conjecture concerning the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 G. R. Grimmett , S. N. Winkler

We prove that if a unimodular random rooted graph is recurrent, the number of ends of its uniform spanning tree is almost surely equal to the number of ends of the graph. Together with previous results in the transient case, this completely…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Diederik van Engelenburg , Tom Hutchcroft

A fringe subtree of a rooted tree is a subtree induced by one of the vertices and all its descendants. We consider the problem of estimating the number of distinct fringe subtrees in two types of random trees: simply generated trees and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Louisa Seelbach Benkner , Stephan Wagner

The frog model starts with one active particle at the root of a graph and some number of dormant particles at all nonroot vertices. Active particles follow independent random paths, waking all inactive particles they encounter. We prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Tobias Johnson , Matthew Junge

Consider the following interacting particle system on the $d$-ary tree, known as the frog model: Initially, one particle is awake at the root and i.i.d. Poisson many particles are sleeping at every other vertex. Particles that are awake…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-23 Christopher Hoffman , Tobias Johnson , Matthew Junge

When considering the number of subtrees of trees, the extremal structures which maximize this number among binary trees and trees with a given maximum degree lead to some interesting facts that correlate to other graphical indices in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-11 Xiu-Mei Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang , Daniel Gray , Hua Wang

We study a system of simple random walks on graphs, known as frog model. This model can be described as follows: There are active and sleeping particles living on some graph G. Each active particle performs a simple random walk with…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-05 O. S. M. Alves , F. P. Machado , S. Yu. Popov

Let $F(G)$ be the number of forests of a graph $G$. Similarly let $C(G)$ be the number of connected spanning subgraphs of a connected graph $G$. We bound $F(G)$ and $C(G)$ for regular graphs and for graphs with fixed average degree. Among…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Márton Borbényi , Péter Csikvári , Haoran Luo

We consider the problem of uniformly generating a spanning tree, of a connected undirected graph. This process is useful to compute statistics, namely for phylogenetic trees. We describe a Markov chain for producing these trees. For cycle…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Luís M. S. Russo , Andreia Sofia Teixeira , Alexandre P Francisco

The purpose of this paper is to analyze certain statistics of a recently introduced non-uniform random tree model, biased recursive trees. This model is based on constructing a random tree by establishing a correspondence with non-uniform…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Ella Hiesmayr , Ümit Işlak

We provide sufficient conditions for the validity of a dichotomy, i.e. zero-one law, between recurrence and transience of general frog models. In particular, the results cover frog models with i.i.d. numbers of frogs per site where the frog…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-23 Elena Kosygina , Martin P. W. Zerner

We give a proof for sharp estimate for the number of spanning trees using linear algebra and generalize this bound to multigraphs. In addition, we show that this bound is tight for complete graphs. In addition, we give estimates for number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-01 K. V. Chelpanov

We explore labeled chip-firing on undirected $k$-ary trees, trees where every vertex has degree $k+1$. First, we extend known results for binary trees from Musiker and Nguyen, including the endgame and the locations of the smallest and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Ryota Inagaki , Aaron Lin

For a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane in general position, a non-crossing spanning tree is a spanning tree of the points where every edge is a straight-line segment between a pair of points and no two edges intersect except at a common…

We study the frog model with death on the biregular tree $\mathbb{T}_{d_1,d_2}$. Initially, there is a random number of awake and sleeping particles located on the vertices of the tree. Each awake particle moves as a discrete-time…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-04 Elcio Lebensztayn , Jaime Utria

We consider spanning trees of $n$ points in convex position whose edges are pairwise non-crossing. Applying a flip to such a tree consists in adding an edge and removing another so that the result is still a non-crossing spanning tree.…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Nicolas Bousquet , Valentin Gledel , Jonathan Narboni , Théo Pierron

In a recent paper, the question of determining the fraction of binary trees that contain a fixed pattern known as the snowflake was posed. We show that this fraction goes to 1, providing two very different proofs: a purely combinatorial one…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-30 François Bienvenu , Mike Steel