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The paper applies reinforcement learning to novel Internet of Thing configurations. Our analysis of inaudible attacks on voice-activated devices confirms the alarming risk factor of 7.6 out of 10, underlining significant security…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Forrest McKee , David Noever

Determining how voice assistants should broker consent to share data with third party software has proven to be a complex problem. Devices often require users to switch to companion smartphone apps in order to navigate permissions menus for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-23 William Seymour , Mark Cote , Jose Such

Agentic AI coding assistants can edit files, run commands, and access the internet on behalf of developers. However, their reliance on unvetted external artifacts introduces a new attack vector. Hidden instructions in external artifacts can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yue Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Yunbo Lyu , Ting Zhang , Haoyu Wang , David Lo

The rise of machine-learning systems that process sensory input has brought with it a rise in comparisons between human and machine perception. But such comparisons face a challenge: Whereas machine perception of some stimulus can often be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-04 Michael A Lepori , Chaz Firestone

Automatic speech recognition and voice identification systems are being deployed in a wide array of applications, from providing control mechanisms to devices lacking traditional interfaces, to the automatic transcription of conversations…

In contemporary society, voice-controlled devices, such as smartphones and home assistants, have become pervasive due to their advanced capabilities and functionality. The always-on nature of their microphones offers users the convenience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Yuchen Liu , Apu Kapadia , Donald Williamson

Adversarial examples are inputs intentionally perturbed with the aim of forcing a machine learning model to produce a wrong prediction, while the changes are not easily detectable by a human. Although this topic has been intensively studied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jon Vadillo , Roberto Santana

We report the first active acoustic side-channel attack. Speakers are used to emit human inaudible acoustic signals and the echo is recorded via microphones, turning the acoustic system of a smart phone into a sonar system. The echo signal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Peng Cheng , Ibrahim Ethem Bagci , Utz Roedig , Jeff Yan

Technology companies have produced varied responses to concerns about the effects of the design of their conversational AI systems. Some have claimed that their voice assistants are in fact not gendered or human-like -- despite design…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Gavin Abercrombie , Amanda Cercas Curry , Mugdha Pandya , Verena Rieser

Home Digital Voice Assistants (HDVAs) are getting popular in recent years. Users can control smart devices and get living assistance through those HDVAs (e.g., Amazon Alexa, Google Home) using voice. In this work, we study the insecurity of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Xinyu Lei , Guan-Hua Tu , Alex X. Liu , Kamran Ali , Chi-Yu Li , Tian Xie

Recent advances in artificial speech and audio technologies have improved the abilities of deep-fake operators to falsify media and spread malicious misinformation. Anyone with limited coding skills can use freely available speech synthesis…

Most electronic devices utilize mechanical keyboards to receive inputs, including sensitive information such as authentication credentials, personal and private data, emails, plans, etc. However, these systems are susceptible to acoustic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Alireza Taheritajar , Zahra Mahmoudpour Harris , Reza Rahaeimehr

The availability of digital devices operated by voice is expanding rapidly. However, the applications of voice interfaces are still restricted. For example, speaking in public places becomes an annoyance to the surrounding people, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Naoki Kimura , Michinari Kono , Jun Rekimoto

We demonstrate how AI-powered cybersecurity tools can be turned against themselves through prompt injection attacks. Prompt injection is reminiscent of cross-site scripting (XSS): malicious text is hidden within seemingly trusted content,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Víctor Mayoral-Vilches , Per Mannermaa Rynning

As speech translation (ST) systems become increasingly prevalent, understanding their vulnerabilities is crucial for ensuring robust and reliable communication. However, limited work has explored this issue in depth. This paper explores…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Chang Liu , Haolin Wu , Xi Yang , Kui Zhang , Cong Wu , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Jie Zhang

Acoustic side-channel attacks on keyboards can bypass security measures in many systems that use keyboards as one of the input devices. These attacks aim to reveal users' sensitive information by targeting the sounds made by their keyboards…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Alireza Taheritajar , Reza Rahaeimehr

Large Language Models have become an integral part of new intelligent and interactive writing assistants. Many are offered commercially with a chatbot-like UI, such as ChatGPT, and provide little information about their inner workings. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Karim Benharrak , Tim Zindulka , Daniel Buschek

Robotic assistants reduce the manual efforts being put in by humans in their day-to-day tasks. In this paper, we develop a voice-controlled personal assistant robot. The robot takes the human voice commands by its own built-in microphone.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Vineeth Teeda , K Sujatha , Rakesh Mutukuru

This paper investigates the implementation of voice-enabled Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa on Raspberry Pi. Virtual Assistants are being a new trend in how we interact or do computations with physical devices. A voice-enabled system…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Shailesh D. Arya , Samir Patel

The recent emergence of deepfakes has brought manipulated and generated content to the forefront of machine learning research. Automatic detection of deepfakes has seen many new machine learning techniques, however, human detection…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Nicolas M. Müller , Karla Pizzi , Jennifer Williams