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We analyze the simplest problem of electrochemical relaxation in more than one dimension - the response of an uncharged, ideally polarizable metallic sphere (or cylinder) in a symmetric, binary electrolyte to a uniform electric field. In…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Kevin T. Chu , Martin Z. Bazant

We consider equilibrium statistical mechanics of a simplified model for the ideal conductor electrode in an interface contact with a classical semi-infinite electrolyte, modeled by the two-dimensional Coulomb gas of pointlike $\pm$ unit…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Samaj , Z. Bajnok

Supercell modelling of an electrical double layer (EDL) at electrified solid-electrolyte interfaces is a challenge. The net polarization of EDLs arising from the fixed chemical composition setup leads to uncompensated EDLs under periodic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-07-23 Chao Zhang

Electrical double layer (EDL) is formed when an electrode is in contact with an electrolyte solution, and is widely used in biophysics, electrochemistry, polymer solution and energy storage. Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) coupled equations provides…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Cherq Chua , Chun Yun Kee , L. K. Ang , Yee Sin Ang

A phenomenological theory of electric double layer polarization of blocking electrode is presented solving modified Debye-Falkenhagen (MDF) equation for potential, under the impedance boundary condition. The dynamic impedance and…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-03-04 Maibam Birla Singh , Rama Kant

A nonlinear phase-field model is developed to simulate corrosion damage. The motion of the electrode$-$ electrolyte interface follows the usual kinetic rate theory for chemical reactions based on the Butler-Volmer equation. The model links…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 M. Makuch , S. Kovacevic , M. R. Wenman , E. Martínez-Pañeda

The non-equilibrium steady states of a semi-infinite quasi-one-dimensional univalent binary electrolyte solution, characterised by non-vanishing electric currents, are investigated by means of Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) theory. Exact…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-01-09 Markus Bier

This work is concerned with the stationary Poisson--Nernst--Planck equation with a large parameter which describes a huge number of ions occupying an electrolytic region. Firstly, we focus on the model with a single specie of positive…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Jhih-Hong Lyu , Chiun-Chang Lee , Tai-Chia Lin

The electrical double layer (EDL) at aqueous solution-metal oxide interfaces critically affects many fundamental processes in electrochemistry, geology and biology, yet understanding its microscopic structure is challenging for both theory…

Metal-oxide surfaces act as both Br{\o}nsted acids and bases, which allows the exchange of protons with the electrolyte solution and generates either positive or negative proton charges depending on the environmental pH. These interfacial…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Lisanne Knijff , Mei Jia , Chao Zhang

The electric double layer (EDL) that forms at the interface between a polyelectrolyte gel and a salt bath is studied using asymptotic and numerical methods. Specifically, matched asymptotic expansions, based on the smallness of the Debye…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-28 Matthew G. Hennessy , Giulia L. Celora , Andreas Münch , Barbara Wagner , Sarah L. Waters

The electric double layer structure in an electrolyte close to a solid substrate near the three-phase contact line is approximated by considering the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation in a wedge geometry. The mathematical approach…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-09-03 Aaron Dörr , Steffen Hardt

Charged surfaces in contact with liquids containing ions are accompanied in equilibrium by an electric double layer consisting of a layer of electric charge on the surface that is screened by a diffuse ion cloud in the bulk fluid. This…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-09-21 Jeffrey C. Everts , Miha Ravnik

The Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation provides a mean-field theory of electrolyte solutions at interfaces and in confinement, describing how ions reorganize close to charged surfaces to form the so-called electrical double layer (EDL), with…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-10 Cecilia Herrero , Laurent Joly

The electrical double layer for three different topologies of nanopore electrodes is studied, i.e., the interior and exterior electrical double layers of planar, cylindrical and spherical nanopores immersed into a point-ions electrolyte,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-10 A. Silva-Caballero , A. Lozada-Hidalgo , M. Lozada-Cassou

Understanding the electrical double layer (EDL), i.e, the distribution of electrolyte at an electrified interface, in concentrated electrolytes is important for various technologies, such as supercapacitors, batteries and electrocatalysis.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-01 Zachary A. H. Goodwin

A parallel plate capacitor containing an electrolytic solution is the simplest model of a supercapacitor, or electric double layer capacitor. Using both analytical and numerical techniques, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-02 Ivan Palaia , Adelchi J. Asta , Megh Dutta , Patrick B. Warren , Benjamin Rotenberg , Emmanuel Trizac

The electrical double layer at infinite flat solid surface was discussed with respect to the triple layer model. Charge density at the outer Helmholtz plane is assumed to be zero usually. However, the assumption causes the position of the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jong U. Kim

Electrical double layers (EDLs) arise when an electrolyte is in contact with a charged surface, and are encountered in several application areas including batteries, supercapacitors, electrocatalytic reactors, and colloids. In the modeling…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-08-24 Aniruddha Seal , Utkarsh Tiwari , Ankur Gupta , Ananth Govind Rajan

The description of a conducting medium in thermal equilibrium, such as an electrolyte solution or a plasma, involves nonlinear electrostatics, a subject rarely discussed in the standard electricity and magnetism textbooks. We consider in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 C. G. Gray , P. J. Stiles
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