English
Related papers

Related papers: Robustness to fundamental uncertainty in AGI align…

200 papers

Can AI agents predict whether they will succeed at a task? We study agentic uncertainty by eliciting success probability estimates before, during, and after task execution. All results exhibit agentic overconfidence: some agents that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jean Kaddour , Srijan Patel , Gbètondji Dovonon , Leo Richter , Pasquale Minervini , Matt J. Kusner

As instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) evolve, aligning pretrained foundation models presents increasing challenges. Existing alignment strategies, which typically leverage diverse and high-quality data sources, often overlook…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Yikun Wang , Rui Zheng , Liang Ding , Qi Zhang , Dahua Lin , Dacheng Tao

We study two-stage adjustable robust linear programming in which the right-hand sides are uncertain and belong to a convex, compact uncertainty set. This problem is NP-hard, and the affine policy is a popular, tractable approximation. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Guanglin Xu , Samuel Burer

A key concern with the concept of "alignment" is the implicit question of "alignment to what?". AI systems are increasingly used across the world, yet safety alignment is often focused on homogeneous monolingual settings. Additionally,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Aakanksha , Arash Ahmadian , Beyza Ermis , Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant , Julia Kreutzer , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

Reward functions, learned or manually specified, are rarely perfect. Instead of accurately expressing human goals, these reward functions are often distorted by human beliefs about how best to achieve those goals. Specifically, these reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Henrik Marklund , Alex Infanger , Benjamin Van Roy

The consideration of predictive uncertainty in medical imaging with deep learning is of utmost importance. We apply estimation of both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty by variational Bayesian inference with Monte Carlo dropout to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-27 Max-Heinrich Laves , Sontje Ihler , Jacob F. Fast , Lüder A. Kahrs , Tobias Ortmaier

The recent leap in AI capabilities, driven by big generative models, has sparked the possibility of achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and further triggered discussions on Artificial Superintelligence (ASI)-a system surpassing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 HyunJin Kim , Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Muhua Huang , JinYeong Bak , James Evans , Xing Xie

To build robust, fair, and safe AI systems, we would like our classifiers to say ``I don't know'' when facing test examples that are difficult or fall outside of the training classes.The ubiquitous strategy to predict under uncertainty is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-22 Kamalika Chaudhuri , David Lopez-Paz

Binary classification involves predicting the label of an instance based on whether the model score for the positive class exceeds a threshold chosen based on the application requirements (e.g., maximizing recall for a precision bound).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Gundeep Arora , Srujana Merugu , Anoop Saladi , Rajeev Rastogi

Empirical human-AI alignment aims to make AI systems act in line with observed human behavior. While noble in its goals, we argue that empirical alignment can inadvertently introduce statistical biases that warrant caution. This position…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Julian Rodemann , Esteban Garces Arias , Christoph Luther , Christoph Jansen , Thomas Augustin

For safety, medical AI systems undergo thorough evaluations before deployment, validating their predictions against a ground truth which is assumed to be fixed and certain. However, this ground truth is often curated in the form of…

The last few years has seen a growing debate about techniques for managing uncertainty in AI systems. Unfortunately this debate has been cast as a rivalry between AI methods and classical probability based ones. Three arguments for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 John Fox

Two core challenges of alignment are 1) scalable oversight and 2) accounting for the dynamic nature of human values. While solutions like recursive reward modeling address 1), they do not simultaneously account for 2). We sketch a roadmap…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Florian Mai , David Kaczér , Nicholas Kluge Corrêa , Lucie Flek

Latest research revealed a considerable lack of reliability within user feedback and discussed striking impacts for the assessment of adaptive web systems and content personalisation approaches, e.g. ranking errors, systematic biases to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Kevin Jasberg , Sergej Sizov

We conduct an incentivized laboratory experiment to study people's perception of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) alignment in the context of economic decision-making. Using a panel of economic problems spanning the domains of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-03 Kevin He , Ran Shorrer , Mengjia Xia

The group testing problem consists of determining a sparse subset of defective items from within a larger set of items via a series of tests, where each test outcome indicates whether at least one defective item is included in the test. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Daniel McMorrow , Jonathan Scarlett

Evaluating alignment in language models requires testing how they behave under realistic pressure, not just what they claim they would do. While alignment failures increasingly cause real-world harm, comprehensive evaluation frameworks with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Nora Petrova , John Burden

The calibration of predictive distributions has been widely studied in deep learning, but the same cannot be said about the more specific epistemic uncertainty as produced by Deep Ensembles, Bayesian Deep Networks, or Evidential Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Mohammed Fellaji , Frédéric Pennerath , Brieuc Conan-Guez , Miguel Couceiro

We study the empirical likelihood approach to construct confidence intervals for the optimal value and the optimality gap of a given solution, henceforth quantify the statistical uncertainty of sample average approximation, for optimization…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-25 Henry Lam , Enlu Zhou

Machine learning has demonstrated remarkable prediction accuracy over i.i.d data, but the accuracy often drops when tested with data from another distribution. In this paper, we aim to offer another view of this problem in a perspective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Haohan Wang , Zeyi Huang , Hanlin Zhang , Yong Jae Lee , Eric Xing