Related papers: Realization of a Valley Superlattice
Degenerate conduction-band minima, or `valleys', in materials such as Si, AlAs, graphene, and MoS$_2$ allow them to host two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs) that can access a valley degree of freedom. These multivalley 2DESs present…
Valleytronics targets the exploitation of the additional degrees of freedom in materials where the energy of the carriers may assume several equal minimum values (valleys) at non-equivalent points of the reciprocal space. In single layers…
Valleytronics is rapidly emerging as an exciting area of basic and applied research. In two dimensional systems, valley polarisation can dramatically modify physical properties through electron-electron interactions as demonstrated by such…
We demonstrate that, in a quasi-two-dimensional electron system confined to an AlAs quantum well and occupying two conduction-band minima (valleys), a parallel magnetic field can couple to the electrons' orbital motion and tune the energies…
Two-dimensional electrons in AlAs quantum wells occupy multiple conduction-band minima at the X- points of the Brillouin zone. These valleys have large effective mass and g-factor compared to the stan-dard GaAs electrons, and are also…
Electrons in two-dimensional materials possess an additional quantum attribute, the valley pseudospin, labelled as $\mathbf{K}$ and $\mathbf{K}^{\prime}$ -- analogous to the spin up and spin down. The majority of research to achieve…
Valleytronics exploits non-equivalent energy extrema in the electronic band structure of crystalline solids -- the valley degree of freedom -- to encode, manipulate, and read out information. The advent of 2D materials, first graphene and…
Manipulating the valley degree of freedom to encode information for potential valleytronic devices has ignited a new direction in solid-state physics. A significant, fundamental challenge in the field of valleytronics is how to generate and…
To date, a number of valley materials have been discovered with the spin-valley or valley-layer couplings. It is highly desirable to realize the interplay of more electronic degrees of freedom in a valley material. Based on the…
Valley, the energy extrema in the electronic band structure at momentum space, is regarded as a new degree of freedom of electrons, in addition to charge and spin. The studies focused on valley degree of freedom now form an emerging field…
The electron's charge and spin degrees of freedom are at the core of modern electronic devices. With the in-depth investigation of two-dimensional materials, another degree of freedom, valley, has also attracted tremendous research…
Moir\'e superlattices created by stacking atomic layers of transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors have emerged as a class of fascinating artificial photonic and electronic materials. An appealing attribute of these structures is the…
We report measurements of the spin susceptibility in dilute two-dimensional electrons confined to a 45$\AA$ wide AlAs quantum well. The electrons in this well occupy an out-of-plane conduction-band valley, rendering a system similar to…
Electrons in graphene, in addition to their spin, have two pseudospin degrees of freedom: sublattice and valley pseudospin. Valleytronics uses the valley degree of freedom as a carrier of information similar to the way spintronics uses…
Electrons confined in silicon quantum dots exhibit orbital, spin, and valley degrees of freedom. The valley degree of freedom originates from the bulk bandstructure of silicon, which has six degenerate electronic minima. The degeneracy can…
Using symmetry breaking strain to tune the valley occupation of a two-dimensional (2D) electron system in an AlAs quantum well, together with an applied in-plane magnetic field to tune the spin polarization, we independently control the…
Electron valleys in transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers drive novel physics and allow designing multifunctional architectures for applications. We propose to manipulate the electron valleys in these systems for spin/valley filter and…
Electrons in two-dimensional hexagonal materials have valley degree of freedom, which can be used to encode and process quantum information. The valley-selective excitations, governed by the circularly polarised light resonant with the…
Valley, as a new degree of freedom for electrons, has drawn considerable attention due to its significant potential for encoding and storing information. Lifting the energy degeneracy to achieve valley polarization is necessary for…
This paper details a complete formalism for calculating electron subband energy and degeneracy in strained multi-valley quantum wells grown along any orientation with explicit results for the AlAs quantum well case. A standardized rotation…