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The book graph $B_n^{(k)}$ consists of $n$ copies of $K_{k+1}$ joined along a common $K_k$. The Ramsey numbers of $B_n^{(k)}$ are known to have strong connections to the classical Ramsey numbers of cliques. Recently, the first author…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-11 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Yuval Wigderson

More than thirty years ago, Erd\H{o}s, Faudree, Rousseau, and Schelp posed a fundamental question in extremal graph theory: What is the optimal constant $c_k$ such that $r(C_{2k+1}, G) \le c_k m$ for any graph $G$ with $m$ edges and no…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Eng Keat Hng , Meng Ji , Ander Lamaison

The Ramsey number $r(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the minimum $n$ such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The threshold Ramsey multiplicity $m(H)$ is then the minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-21 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov , Fan Wei

The online Ramsey game for graphs $G$ and $H$ is played on the infinite complete graph $K_\mathbb{N}$. Each round, Builder chooses an edge, and Painter colors it red or blue. The online Ramsey number $\tilde{r}(G,H)$ is the smallest integer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Sam Beilis , Israel R. Curbelo

An $r$-uniform linear cycle of length $\ell$, denoted by $C^r_{\ell}$, is an $r$-graph with $\ell$ edges $e_1,e_2,\dots,e_{\ell}$ where $e_i=\{v_{(r-1)(i-1)},v_{(r-1)(i-1)+1},\dots,v_{(r-1)i}\}$ (here $v_0=v_{(r-1)\ell}$). For $0<\delta<1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Lirong Deng , Jie Han , Jiaxi Nie , Sam Spiro

An $r$-uniform hypergraph ($r$-graph for short) is called linear if every pair of vertices belong to at most one edge. A linear $r$-graph is complete if every pair of vertices are in exactly one edge. The famous Brown-Erd\H{o}s-S\'os…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-17 Asaf Shapira , Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

Let $k$ be a positive integer and let $G$ be a graph. The zero-sum Ramsey number $R(G,\mathbb{Z}_k)$ is the least integer $N$ (if it exists) such that for every edge-coloring $\chi \, : \, E(K_N) \, \rightarrow \, \mathbb{Z}_k$ one can find…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-29 José D. Alvarado , Lucas Colucci , Roberto Parente

In 1955, Greenwood and Gleason showed that the Ramsey number R(3, 3, 3) = 17 by constructing an edge-chromatic graph on 16 vertices in three colors with no triangles. Their technique employed finite fields. This same result was obtained…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-23 Carlos E. Frasser

We study graphs with the property that every edge-colouring admits a monochromatic cycle (the length of which may depend freely on the colouring) and describe those graphs that are minimal with this property. We show that every member in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Damian Reding , Anusch Taraz

We prove that $s_r(K_k) = O(k^5 r^{5/2})$, where $s_r(K_k)$ is the Ramsey parameter introduced by Burr, Erd\H{o}s and Lov\'{a}sz in 1976, which is defined as the smallest minimum degree of a graph $G$ such that any $r$-colouring of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-25 John Bamberg , Anurag Bishnoi , Thomas Lesgourgues

The Ramsey number r(H) of a graph H is the minimum positive integer N such that every two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph K_N on N vertices contains a monochromatic copy of H. A graph H is d-degenerate if every subgraph of H has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-03-14 Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

The upper (mixed) domination Ramsey number $u(m, n)$($v(m,n)$) is the smallest integer $p$ such that every $2$-coloring of the edges of $K_p$ with color red and blue, $\Gamma(B) \geq m$ or $\Gamma(R) \geq n$ ($\beta(R) \geq n$); where $B$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Tomasz Dzido , Renata Zakrzewska

The induced size-Ramsey number $\hat{r}_\text{ind}^k(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the smallest number of edges a (host) graph $G$ can have such that for any $k$-coloring of its edges, there exists a monochromatic copy of $H$ which is an induced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-15 Domagoj Bradač , Nemanja Draganić , Benny Sudakov

Given integers $2\le t \le k+1 \le n$, let $g_k(t,n)$ be the minimum $N$ such that every red/blue coloring of the $k$-subsets of $\{1, \ldots, N\}$ yields either a $(k+1)$-set containing $t$ red $k$-subsets, or an $n$-set with all of its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Dhruv Mubayi , Andrew Suk

Let $r,\ell\geq2$ be integers. Given $r$-graphs $G$ and $F_1,\dots,F_\ell$, we write $G\to(F_1,\dots,F_\ell)$ if every $\ell$-edge-coloring of $G$ yields a monochromatic copy of $F_i$ in the $i$th color for some $1\leq i\leq\ell$, otherwise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Vladimir Sviridenkov

For a graph $H$ and an integer $k\ge1$, let $r(H;k)$ and $r_\ell(H;k)$ denote the $k$-color Ramsey number and list Ramsey number of $H$, respectively. Alon, Buci\'c, Kalvari, Kuperwasser and Szab\'o in 2021 initiated the systematic study of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Jake Ruotolo , Zi-Xia Song

Let $F$, $G$ and $H$ be simple graphs. We say $F \rightarrow (G, H)$ if for every $2$-coloring of the edges of $F$ there exists a monochromatic $G$ or $H$ in $F$. The Ramsey number $r(G, H)$ is defined as $r(G, H) = min\{|V (F)|: F…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-22 Joanna Cyman , Tomasz Dzido

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that any coloring of the edges of $K_N$ in red or blue yields a red $G$ or a blue $H$. Let $v(G)$ be the number of vertices of $G$ and $\chi(G)$ be the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Sinan Hu , Yuejian Peng

For ordered graphs $G$ and $H$, the ordered Ramsey number $r_<(G,H)$ is the smallest $n$ such that every red/blue edge coloring of the complete graph on vertices $\{1,\dots,n\}$ contains either a blue copy of $G$ or a red copy of $H$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Dhruv Rohatgi

The $k$-colour bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph $H$ is the least integer $n$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Matija Bucić , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov