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Related papers: Parikh Motivated Study on Repetitions in Words

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We pursue the investigation of generalizations of the Pascal triangle based on binomial coefficients of finite words. These coefficients count the number of times a finite word appears as a subsequence of another finite word. The finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-11 Manon Stipulanti

The recently confirmed Dejean's conjecture about the threshold between avoidable and unavoidable powers of words gave rise to interesting and challenging problems on the structure and growth of threshold words. Over any finite alphabet with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-08-19 Irina A. Gorbunova , Arseny M. Shur

Term algebras are important objects in computer science and are correspondingly well-studied. A natural generalization is to quotient these algebras by finitely many ground term equations, obtaining what we call almost free algebras. One of…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Yifan Jia , Heer Tern Koh , Bakh Khoussainov

The family, L(INDLIN), of languages generated by linear indexed grammars has been studied in the literature. It is known that the Parikh image of every language in L(INDLIN) is semi-linear. However, there are bounded semi linear languages…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Flavio D'Alessandro , Oscar H. Ibarra , Ian McQuillan

We study words that barely avoid repetitions, for several senses of "barely". A squarefree (respectively, overlap-free, cubefree) word is irreducible if removing any one of its interior letters creates a square (respectively, overlap,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Benjamin Przybocki

A general theorem on factorization of matrices with polynomial entries is proven and it is used to reduce polynomial Darboux matrices to linear ones. Some new examples of linear Darboux matrices are discussed.

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-11-11 F. Musso , A. Shabat

We study infinite words fixed by a morphism and their derived words. A derived word is a coding of return words to a factor. We exhibit two examples of sets of morphisms which are closed under derivation --- any derived word with respect to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-28 Václav Košík , Štěpán Starosta

We study infinite ternary words that contain few distinct palindromes. In particular, we classify such words according to their critical exponent.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Ľubomíra Dvořáková , Lucas Mol , Pascal Ochem

A $1$-prefix normal word is a binary word with the property that no factor has more $1$s than the prefix of the same length; a $0$-prefix normal word is defined analogously. These words arise in the context of indexed binary jumbled pattern…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-02 Péter Burcsi , Gabriele Fici , Zsuzsanna Lipták , Frank Ruskey , Joe Sawada

Using arch-jumping functions and properties of the arch factorization of words, we propose a new algorithm for computing the subword circular universality index of words. We also introduce the subword universality signature for words, that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Philippe Schnoebelen , Julien Veron

We propose a new numerical algorithm for computing the tensor rank decomposition or canonical polyadic decomposition of higher-order tensors subject to a rank and genericity constraint. Reformulating this computational problem as a system…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Simon Telen , Nick Vannieuwenhoven

We study the properties of the ternary infinite word p = 012102101021012101021012 ... , that is, the fixed point of the map h:0->01, 1->21, 2->0. We determine its factor complexity, critical exponent, and prove that it is 2-balanced. We…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-07 James Currie , Pascal Ochem , Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit

In 2017, Vesti proposed the problem of determining the repetition threshold for infinite rich words, i.e., for infinite words in which all factors of length $n$ contain $n$ distinct nonempty palindromic factors. In 2020, Currie, Mol, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-03 James D. Currie , Lucas Mol , Jarkko Peltomäki

In combinatorics on words, a word $w$ over an alphabet $\Sigma$ is said to avoid a pattern $p$ over an alphabet $\Delta$ if there is no factor $f$ of $w$ such that $f=h(p)$ where $h:\Delta^*\to\Sigma^*$ is a non-erasing morphism. A pattern…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-02 Antoine Domenech , Pascal Ochem

Despite a multitude of empirical studies, little consensus exists on whether neural networks are able to generalise compositionally, a controversy that, in part, stems from a lack of agreement about what it means for a neural model to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Dieuwke Hupkes , Verna Dankers , Mathijs Mul , Elia Bruni

This paper investigates the connections between combinatorial design theory and the creation of new forms of poetry through a specific combinatorial structure called Steiner triple systems. We introduce five original poems constructed using…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Ajani De Vas Gunasekara , Miriam Wei Wei Lo

We consider the following novel variation on a classical avoidance problem from combinatorics on words: instead of avoiding repetitions in all factors of a word, we avoid repetitions in all factors where each individual factor is considered…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Hamoon Mousavi , Jeffrey Shallit

We introduced the notation of a set of prohibitions and give definitions of a complete set and a crucial word with respect to a given set of prohibitions. We consider 3 particular sets which appear in different areas of mathematics and for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Evdokimov , S. Kitaev

We solve a problem of Petrova, finalizing the classification of letter patterns avoidable by ternary square-free words; we show that there is a ternary square-free word avoiding letter pattern $xyzxzyx$. In fact, we: (1) characterize all…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-11 James D. Currie

In this work we consider morphisms that preserve well-known non-repeating properties: squarefreeness, cubefreeness, overlap-freeness and weak squarefreeness. Up to the present moment only the morphisms preserving three out of four…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-04 Boris Zolotov