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Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal

High-dimensional clinical data have become invaluable resources for genetic studies, due to their accessibility in biobank-scale datasets and the development of high performance modeling techniques especially using deep learning. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Taedong Yun

Visual tokenizers are fundamental to image generation. They convert visual data into discrete tokens, enabling transformer-based models to excel at image generation. Despite their success, VQ-based tokenizers like VQGAN face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Zechen Bai , Jianxiong Gao , Ziteng Gao , Pichao Wang , Zheng Zhang , Tong He , Mike Zheng Shou

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful tools for learning latent representations of data used in a wide range of applications. In practice, VAEs usually require multiple training rounds to choose the amount of information the latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Juhan Bae , Michael R. Zhang , Michael Ruan , Eric Wang , So Hasegawa , Jimmy Ba , Roger Grosse

We present an autoencoder that leverages learned representations to better measure similarities in data space. By combining a variational autoencoder with a generative adversarial network we can use learned feature representations in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-12 Anders Boesen Lindbo Larsen , Søren Kaae Sønderby , Hugo Larochelle , Ole Winther

Constructing a compressed latent space through a variational autoencoder (VAE) is the key for efficient 3D diffusion models. This paper introduces COD-VAE that encodes 3D shapes into a COmpact set of 1D latent vectors without sacrificing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 In Cho , Youngbeom Yoo , Subin Jeon , Seon Joo Kim

While unsupervised variational autoencoders (VAE) have become a powerful tool in neuroimage analysis, their application to supervised learning is under-explored. We aim to close this gap by proposing a unified probabilistic model for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-15 Qingyu Zhao , Ehsan Adeli , Nicolas Honnorat , Tuo Leng , Kilian M. Pohl

Learning a robust Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a fundamental step for many deep learning applications in medical image analysis, such as MRI synthesizes. Existing brain VAEs predominantly focus on single-modality data (i.e., T1-weighted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Mingjie Li , Edward Kim , Yue Zhao , Ehsan Adeli , Kilian M. Pohl

Objective: This paper investigates how generative models, trained on ground-truth images, can be used \changes{as} priors for inverse problems, penalizing reconstructions far from images the generator can produce. The aim is that learned…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-07 Margaret Duff , Ivor J. A. Simpson , Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Neill D. F. Campbell

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are well-established as a principled approach to probabilistic unsupervised learning with neural networks. Typically, an encoder network defines the parameters of a Gaussian distributed latent space from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alan Jeffares , Liyuan Liu

We present a novel method for constructing Variational Autoencoder (VAE). Instead of using pixel-by-pixel loss, we enforce deep feature consistency between the input and the output of a VAE, which ensures the VAE's output to preserve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Xianxu Hou , Linlin Shen , Ke Sun , Guoping Qiu

Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) lie at the forefront of quantum machine learning research. Still, the use of quantum networks for real data processing remains challenging as the number of available qubits cannot accommodate a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 G. Maragkopoulos , A. Mandilara , A. Tsili , D. Syvridis

Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) have been very successful as methods for forming compressed latent representations of complex, often high-dimensional, data. In this paper, we derive an alternative variational lower bound from the one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Shuyu Lin , Ronald Clark , Robert Birke , Niki Trigoni , Stephen Roberts

Autonomous agents such as cars, robots and drones need to precisely localize themselves in diverse environments, including in GPS-denied indoor environments. One approach for precise localization is visual place recognition (VPR), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ni Wang , Zihan You , Emre Neftci , Thorben Schoepe

Vector quantization is common in deep models, yet its hard assignments block gradients and hinder end-to-end training. We propose DiVeQ, which treats quantization as adding an error vector that mimics the quantization distortion, keeping…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mohammad Hassan Vali , Tom Bäckström , Arno Solin

The audit of financial statements is designed to collect reasonable assurance that an issued statement is free from material misstatement 'true and fair presentation'. International audit standards require the assessment of a statements'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Marco Schreyer , Timur Sattarov , Anita Gierbl , Bernd Reimer , Damian Borth

Latent variables (LVs) play a crucial role in encoder-decoder models by enabling effective data compression, prediction, and generation. Although their theoretical properties, such as generalization, have been extensively studied in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-07 Futoshi Futami , Masahiro Fujisawa

Deep Learning models encode rich semantic information in their hidden representations. However, it remains challenging to understand which parts of this information models actually rely on when making predictions. A promising line of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xuemin Yu , Ankur Garg , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou , Hassan Sajjad

Does a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) consistently encode typical samples generated from its decoder? This paper shows that the perhaps surprising answer to this question is `No'; a (nominally trained) VAE does not necessarily amortize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 A. Taylan Cemgil , Sumedh Ghaisas , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Sven Gowal , Pushmeet Kohli

Variational autoencoders are among the most popular methods for distilling low-dimensional structure from high-dimensional data, making them increasingly valuable as tools for data exploration and scientific discovery. However, unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Miles Martinez , John Pearson